論我國立法委員選舉制度之變革：制度與制度變遷之觀點

The Change of Legislator Election System in Taiwian: The Perspective of Institution and Institutionl Change

王曉麟(Hsiao-Lin Wang)

《選舉評論》 3期 (2007/09) Pp. 37-58

摘要

選舉制度對於代議民主的維持與發展，具有關鍵性之地位，並在台灣民主發展中成為政權和平演變之重要機制。制度為複雜之概念，並有不同之定義，或界定為人類設計的限制，以影響人類的互動行為；或主張為治理的結構；或認為是規則；或解釋為一種規則網路；或將之視為跨組織關係。而選舉制度制度的變遷則是上述概念的動態過程。我國將自第七屆立法委員選舉以單一選區兩票制，取代以往之複數選舉區單記不可讓渡投票制，並縮減席次，不僅對立法委員選舉制度是空前未有的變動，連帶將影響立法院之政黨權力的消長、地方勢力的重組、政經利益的分配，對整個國會生態都將發生長遠的衝擊。本文爰從制度與制度變遷之觀點，探討我國立法委員選舉制度之變革及其影響。

關鍵字

制度變遷 ； 立法委員選舉 ； 單一選區兩票制 ； 複數選舉區 ； 單記不可讓渡 ； 投票制

並列摘要

Election system is a key point for maintaince and development of representative democracy, and become an important mechanism in the process of peaceful regim evolutation in Taiwian. Institution is a complex concept, and has various definitions, someone define it as constraints of human design to influence interactions; or argue it as governance structures; or think it as rules; or explaine it as networks of rules; or regard it as supraorganizational relations. The Change of election system is the dynamic process of the concept. The seventh terms legislator election will adapt Single Member District and Two Ballots System, to replac Single Non-transferable Vote System and discrease members. Not only a vast change to legislator election, but also with long term impact to congress ecology. This artice will discuss changes and impacts to legislator election system in Taiwian from the perspective of institution and institutionl change.

並列關鍵字

legislator election ； single member district and two ballot system ； Single Non-transferable Vote System ； institution ； institutional change

參考文獻

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朱志宏(1988)。公共政策摡論。台北:三民書局。