醫師與病患對醫病關係模式之看法分析

Emanuel, E. and Emanuel, L.（1992）針對「醫病關係」提出四種模式，分別是：父權模式、資訊提供模式、詮釋模式及審議模式。本研究之目的乃探討現今之台灣醫師與病患間之醫病關係是偏向何種模式，且醫師與病患所認知之醫病關係模式是否相同。本研究針對個案醫院共蒐集到272份就醫者以及60份醫師之有效問卷。採用次數百分比及卡方檢定進行資料處理。由研究結果獲知：醫師自認在醫病互動關係中，其扮演的角色多屬詮釋模式或商議模式。然而，病患卻認為多數醫師扮演父權模式或資訊提供模式角色，且不同基本資料之醫師對醫病互動關係模式之看法並無顯著差異，但病患在不同之年齡、職業、宗教信仰上，對醫病互動關係模式之看法有顯著差異。此結果可供醫師未來在面對醫病互動時注意並調整自己的角色，以符合自己認知的方式面對各種病況及具各種特質之病患。

關鍵字

醫病關係模式；醫病互動

並列摘要

The ＂doctor-patient relationship＂, proposed by Emanuel, E. and Emanuel, L., can be divided into four models, namely, paternalistic model, informative model, interpretive model and deliberative model. The main objective of this study is to investigate what kind of doctor-patient relationship model exists currently between doctors and patients in Taiwan and whether the doctor-patient relationship model recognized by doctors and patients is the same or not. In this study, for the hospital under study, effective questionnaires of 272 copies are collected for patients and 60 copies are collected for doctors. Moreover, frequency distribution and chi-square test are adopted for data processing. From the research results, it is clear that in the doctor-patient interaction, the doctors think that they mostly play the role of interpretive model or deliberative model. However, most patients think that the doctors play the role of paternalistic model or informative model. Doctors of different demographic data show no significant differences on their views of doctor-patient interaction model. However, patients of different ages, occupations and religious beliefs show significant differences on the views of the doctor-patient interaction model. The results can be used by doctors for adjusting their roles of doctor-patient interaction model in the future when they are facing the different situations and different patients.