產業群聚綜效與競爭優勢之關聯－以臺灣自行車業A-Team為例

The Relationship Between Synergies of Industrial Clustering and Competitive Advantage: A Case Study of the A-Team of Taiwan's Bicycle Industry

陳淑美(Shu-Mei Chen) ； 簡士超(Charles-S Chien)

《管理實務與理論研究》 15卷2期 (2021/12) Pp. 52-68

https://doi.org/10.29916/JMPP.202112_15(2).0004

摘要

在1980年代臺灣為全球自行車最大出口地區，然而在1990年代因社會經濟的變遷導致生產成本提高，使得自行車產業不斷的外移，隨著知識經濟全球化時代以及國際產業分工體系的形成之際，在全球競爭之下如何強化我國自行車產業在國際產業分工體系之下的發展成為業界的共同努力目標，面對外在環境變化與內部反應時，業界於2003年成立了A-Team（台灣自行車協進會）聯盟並於2017年結束運作，歷經14年的產業群聚產生了多大的綜效以及在後A-Team時代臺灣自行車產業為勢又是如何？均視為本文欲探討之目的。研究對象挑選自行車產業具代表性的製造商，透過個案分析方式了解業者如何藉由A-Team的協同管理與研發實務經驗成功擴展全球市場。再藉由訪談進行歸納與分析發展出重要的研究發現與觀念性架構，研究分析臺灣自行車產業群聚演化的主要機制以及建構區域學習與創新能力的主要因素是「產業的組織創新」。臺灣的自行車產業透過這樣實踐社群的全球連結與在地互動，一方面透過全球市場訊息的取得，不僅針對市場需求進行產品開發，更透過區域內之技術擴散與學習，得以在產品技術上進行設計研發。換言之群聚內部的組織力才是傳統產業區域競爭優勢的最大關鍵。

關鍵字

臺灣自行車業 ； 產業群聚綜效 ； 競爭優勢

並列摘要

Taiwan was the world's largest bicycle exporter in the 1980s. However, as production costs increased because of social and economic changes in the 1990s, bicycle production increasingly shifted overseas. In the era of globalization of the knowledge economy and the formation of the international industrial division system, Taiwanese industry collectively strived to facilitate the development of the bicycle industry in such a system against the background of global competition. Faced with changes in the external environment and the internal responses, the industry established the A-Team (Taiwan Bike Association) in 2003 and ended its operation in 2017. This study aims to discuss the scale of the synergy generated by the 14 years of industrial clustering and also the developments in Taiwan's bicycle industry in the post-A-Team era. A representative group of manufacturers in the bicycle industry was selected as the research object, before the case study method was adopted to explore how the producers achieved expansion into the global market through the A-Team's collaborative management and practical experience in research and development. Induction and analyses were performed through interviews to develop important research findings and conceptual frameworks. The research analysis identifies the main mechanism of the industrial clustering of Taiwan's bicycle industry and that the main factor in the development of regional learning and innovation capabilities is the ＂organizational innovation of the industry.＂ By leveraging global connections and local interaction of the community in this way as well as by obtaining global market information not only does Taiwan's bicycle industry develop its products according to market demand, but it also conducts design and development of product technology through technology diffusion and learning in the region. In other words, the organizational power within the cluster is the key to the regional competitive advantages of traditional industries.

並列關鍵字

Taiwan's bicycle industry ； synergies of industrial clustering ； competitive advantages

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