With the economic and social development, the demand for human resources in the public sector in Mainland China has been continuously increased. Thus, the employment mechanism has been actively set up and reformed. Human resource (HR) outsourcing is the development trend of personnel management and is the opportunity for the HR transformation in the public sector. This study aims at examining the HR outsourcing problems of environmental protection bureau by means of a questionnaire survey, hoping to better evaluate HR outsourcing strategies for the public sector. The results show that the improvement factors, such as employee communication between departments, evaluation of outsourcing service providers, and outsourcing awareness, will be highly related to the effectiveness of HR outsourcing. This will lead the public sector to be on the right track to the growth of HR outsourcing services.