郎尼根認知理論與其哲學各部門的融會貫通

Bernard Lonergan's Cognitive Theory and Its Integration of Departments in Philosophy

鄭喬閏(Chiao-Ruen Cheng)

《哲學論集》 39期 (2006/07) Pp. 61-96

https://doi.org/10.29699/FJPS.200607.0003

摘要

本篇文章主要的目標在於：認知結構作為郎尼根哲學的基礎。而認知結構的核心，亦即將科學思維的眾多表現編織在一起，並且產生各種相繼表現為其每一領域帶來修正與轉化的一個在下支撐的不變基礎，可以稱為科學方法，或是更精確的，郎尼根名之為「詢問中悟性的動態結構」(Insight, p.116.)。而這個詢問中悟性的動態結構或者稱為洞察，乃是一個能使得知識論、形上學、倫理學互相依存成一個相互依存整體的整合者。這三個哲學部門具有某種類似性的結構形式，郎尼根稱之為「同型化」或「同型異質」(Isomorphism)。 第一節引導讀者，思考哲學中的不同組成部門；第二節提供了一個認知結構與認知過程發展的概要。認知結構的過程發展包含經驗、理解、判斷、抉擇等階段，以及「內省洞察」、「反省洞察」、與「實踐洞察」的要素；第三節試圖引導讀者理解經驗科學的方法與知識論的關係。郎尼根的認知理論穿透了知識論與經驗科學的方法。第四節試圖解釋知識論、形上學、與倫理學的「同型化」關係。 最後一節簡單回顧主題，並提示郎尼根哲學隱含一個心態研究法的展望或可能性。

關鍵字

內省洞察 ； 反省洞察 ； 實踐洞察 ； 同型化 ； 多型化 ； 認知結構 ； 整全誘導性結構

並列摘要

The main objective of this article is to figure out that cognitional structure is the foundation of Lonergan's philosophy. The central core of cognitional structure which Lonergan called the dynamic structure of inquiring intelligence, become the underlying invariant scientific method which kitting together those diverse manifestations of scientific thought, generating each in turn only to bring forth the revision and transformation of each (Insight, p.116.). And this dynamic structure of inquiring intelligence or called insight as integrator to make epistemology, metaphysics, and ethics into an interrelated, interlocked, interconnected whole. And these three departments of philosophy present some kinds of similar structure which Lonergan named isomorphism. The section two to section four are attempt to present cognitional structure, philosophy of science, and insight or cognitional structure as the integrator of epistemology, metaphysics, and ethics.
The section one is a short introduction to guide the readers to think about the questions of different parts in philosophy; The section two provides a figure to present the cognitional structure, and the process of cognitive development in Bernard Lonergan's Insight, and also with a vivid example; The section three is trying to understand the relation between empirical method and epistemology. Lonergan's cognitive theory penetrates both epistemology in philosophy and empirical method in natural sciences. The section four attempts to explain that epistemology, metaphysics, and ethics be interrelated or integrated in a similar form but different content of quality, which Lonergan called isomorphism. The final section is a short conclusion discussing the aims of the topic. Besides, the author also discussed few supplement about reading Lonergan's philosophy.

並列關鍵字

introspective insight ； reflective insight ； practical insight ； isomorphism ； polymorphism ； cognitional structure ； integral heuristic structure

參考文獻

Lonergan, Bernard(1983).Insight: A Study of Human Understanding.London:A. Whcaton & Co. Ltd. Exeter.

Lonergan, Bernard,Morelli, Elizabeth A.(ed.),Morelli, Mark D.(ed.)(1995).Collected Works of Bernard Lonergan Vol.5: Understanding and Being.Toronto:University of Toronto.

Lonergan, Bernard,Morelli, Elizabeth A.(ed.),Morelli, Mark D.(ed.)(1997).The Lonergan Reader.Toronto:University of Toronto.

Lonergan, Bernard,Crowe, Frederick E.(ed.),Doran, Robert M.(ed.)(1997).Collectd Works of Bernard Lonergan Volume 2, Verbum: Word and Idea in Aquinas.University of Toronto Press.

Lonergan, Bernard,Lonergan Research Institute of Regis College(ed.)(1996).Method in Theology.Toronto:University of Toronto.