永續鄉村發展的整體規劃概念－系統理論的觀點

本文從系統理論觀點探討永續鄉村發展的整體規劃概念，以作為鄉村發展規劃時之思考方向。研究顯示，鄉村發展的過程會受到鄉村地區、國家、甚至國際性社區的架構情況及行動的影響，這主要是與政治、經濟、社會及文化等多元化發展的結果以及都市化的浮現有關，使得這個過去以初級生產為主的鄉村地區，不再維持獨立與自治的局面，而變成一個整合社區的一部分或另一個文明複合體；現階段開發中國家的鄉村社會，正經歷一種高度快速的變遷而產生許多嚴重問題，需要採取系統化及科技整合的取向去分析和干預，以探究外在環境，才能發現意想不到及間接的效果。在未採取更多重大的干預以前，不僅要學習瞭解鄉村系統內的複雜事物，亦要探究及試圖去瞭解整個鄉村系統與環境的關係，才能使鄉村地區朝向永續發展的方向前進。

關鍵字

鄉村；系統理論；永續發展

並列摘要

This study attempts to discuss the sustainable rural area development concepts based on the system theory. The results have shown that the rural development process will be influenced by rural areas, nation, and even international community structure and actions, which mainly related with the political, economic, social and cultural diversification, and emergence of urbanization. This makes the primary production in rural areas no longer maintain the independence and autonomy of the situation, and become an integrated part of the community or another civilization complex; rural society of the country's development at this stage, is undergoing a highly fast changes arising from the many serious problems, need to take a systematic and technology integration orientation analysis and intervention, in order to explore the external environment, to discover unexpected and indirect effects. Before taking any intervention, one should not only to learn about the intricacies of the rural system, but also to explore and try to understand the relationship of the system and the environment of entire villages, in order to make the direction towards the sustainable development of rural areas.