再見南國：臺北公會堂的興建及其空間意義之建構與變遷

本文作為臺北「歷史記憶區」研究之起點，在日治時期臺灣總督府檔案、地方志、官民報刊、口述訪談、日記、文藝創作與相關研究論著的詮釋基礎上，深入考察日治時期臺北公會堂興建過程，並進而具體探析其空間意義之時代特性與建構歷程和變遷，從中兼及臺北公會堂建設及其一隅空間意義認知之社群差異與多元性。首先，在簡述日治時期臺北公會堂至戰後臺北中山堂一地空間生命史的基礎上，本文聚焦探究日治初期總督府舊廳舍拆遷至臺北公會堂完成興建始末，具體分析其由倡議、動工到落成，尤在擇定建築地點所歷經之一波三折，及其所涉記憶、族群差異與文物保存因素。其次，本文論證日本公會堂興築的宏觀歷史脈絡與臺北公會堂誕生於接近戰爭爆發與後續戰時體制時期的微觀時代特性，進而考察臺北公會堂經各式紀念性、儀式性、展示性與藝文性活動，成為展演國民精神總動員與皇民奉公運動等官方意識形態與歷史論述的場域，從而構成臺民日本國族認同形塑之空間。本文之研究成果，置於日治時期到戰後臺灣歷史的發展軌跡，除了可以突顯臺北公會堂官式空間意義之時代性、變遷性與多元性之外，也是後續研究戰後臺北中山堂空間生命史之基礎，尤可檢視其中「抗日戰爭勝利暨臺灣光復紀念碑」興建爭議所涉記憶與認同政治，裨利未來逐一探析臺北「歷史記憶區」中諸如二二八和平紀念公園、中正紀念堂、凱達格蘭大道、白色恐怖政治受難者紀念碑、自由廣場與反貪腐民主廣場等臺灣歷史「記憶所繫之處」之空間建構與變遷歷程。

關鍵字

臺北公會堂；臺北市中山堂；臺北歷史記憶區；記憶所繫之處；國族認同

並列摘要

In the landscape of ＂Taipei Memory District,＂ many memorial spaces and objects were constructed in the course of Taiwanese history in the twentieth century. These memorial spaces and objects can be examined as ＂memory vehicles＂ or ＂realms of memory＂ that materialize and carry Taiwanese people's historical understanding and interpretation of several defining moments in the history of Taiwan from the period of Qing rule through the period of Japanese colonial rule to the period of Guomindang rule. Take Zhongshan Hall as an example, its building was constructed by Japanese colonial government as Taipei Public Hall (Gonghui tang) around the site where once stood the old Office of Governor General of Taiwan (Zongdufu jiutingshe) while it was renamed by the Guomindang government after the Japanese colonial rule. This process not only manifested two decisive moments of political change in the twentieth-century Taiwan, but also involved the working of the politics of the making of space and historical memory. From the perspectives of production of space and memory politics, this article aims to examine the sociopolitical life of Zhongshan Hall as the standpoint of my long-term research on ＂Taipei Memory District.＂ This article proposes to examine how the Taipei Public Hall was constructed as disciplinary space of state power during the period of Japanese Colonization. In particular, it looks closely into the transformative process from the destruction of the old Office of Governor General of Taiwan to the construction of Taipei Public Hall by focusing on the function and meaning of the building from the perspective of the politics of the production of space. In doing so, it demonstrates how the place around nowadays Zhongshan Hall was constructed into a stage to display disciplinary power of the ruling regime and its political ideology and discourse under the lager context of Japanese colonization. This article can serve as the foundation to further investigate the construction of the Monument of the Victory in the War of Resistance against Japan and the Retrocession of Taiwan that was built in 1999 as a realm of contesting memories to materialize diverse historical understandings of the War of Resistance against Japan and the Retrocession of Taiwan. It can also be considered as the start point to explore the making of various memorial spaces in the ＂Taipei Memory District＂ such as February 28 Monument and Memorial Park, C.K.S Memorial, Ketegalan Boulevard, Monument to the Victims of White Terror, and Anti-Corruption Square.

並列關鍵字

Taipei Public Hall ； Zhongshan Hall ； Taipei Memory District ； Production of Space ； Realm of Memory

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