中國文學作品在臺灣日治時期的翻譯與轉化－以《語苑》雜誌為探討範疇

Translation and Transition of Chinese Literature into Taiwan During Japanese-Governed Period: A Case Study of ＂Yu-Yuan＂ Magazine

顧敏耀(Ko, Bin-Yao)

《遠東通識學報》 13卷2期 (2019/07) Pp. 33-57

摘要

《語苑》作為臺語書寫發展史上足以與基督教會羅馬字系統分庭抗禮的漢字表達系統之代表刊物，其中總共刊載了共五十餘篇中國文學作品，文類幾乎都是小說與散文，其中又以前者佔多數，尤其特別選譯了許多《包公案》與《藍公案》之篇章，這些公案小說對於以警察為主要職業的閱讀對象而言，有助於瞭解漢文化的辦案傳統以及漢民族的司法觀念，至於其他小說作品則有提升閱讀興趣之效。另外，這些譯文在用字遣詞方面大致都能將原文轉化為流暢且精確之臺語，只是在選擇對應之漢字時，偶有未臻完善之處，此乃臺語文字化在當時尚處於起步階段所致，然而也已經充分呈顯了漢字在臺、日、中三地之間所發揮的重要聯結作用。譯者方面，以在臺日本內地人士居多，包括小野真盛、東方孝義、野元喜之次、水谷利章等，另有少數臺灣本島的福佬人與客家人。透過《語苑》上所刊載的中國文學作品，可以看出這些作品由中國東渡流傳至日治時期的臺灣，透過在臺譯者翻譯成臺語之際，所經歷的口語化、簡易化以及在地化的轉化過程，在臺語漢字書寫發展史、臺灣漢學傳播與研究發展史、臺灣翻譯發展史等各個層面都具有重要意義。

關鍵字

臺語書寫 ； 翻譯史 ； 翻譯文學 ； 文學傳播 ； 漢字文化圈

並列摘要

As the representative magazine in Taiwanese writing history, which was comparable to those of Christian Roman system, ＂Yu-Yuan＂ contained 56 Chinese literary works. Among them, most of the works belonged to novels and proses; particularly, it was mostly composed of novel and being more specifically, works from ＂The Case of Bao-Gong＂ and ＂The Case of Lan-Gong＂ were extensively selected in ＂Yu-Yuan＂. Stories from such novels mainly centered around the police officers, which provided an opportunity for the readers to understand judicial traditions and the concepts of Han society at that time and even to promote their interests in reading. For most of the part, the translation was precise and concise; however, there was still some imperfection in choosing the coordinative Han characters. Even though Taiwanese words was on the early stage of its development, this magazine fully revealed the importance of Han characters as the bridge of Taiwanese, Japanese and Chinese. Most of the translators were Japanese and still a few of them were Hoklo and Hakka people. By reading Chinese Literature in ＂Yu-Yuan＂, we could observe the progression of colloquialism, simplification and localization during the translation. ＂Yu-Yuan＂ provided significance in Taiwanese Han writing history, Taiwanese Han study and communication history and Taiwanese translation history.

並列關鍵字

Taiwanese Writing ； History of Translation ； Translation Literature ； Literature Communication ； Society of Han Character