從海德格爾晚期思想反思經典閱讀之意涵

Reflections on Reading Classics from Looking at Heidegger's Thought in His Late Writings

洪菁勵(Jing-Li Hong)

《遠東通識學報》 15卷1期 (2021/01) Pp. 1-24

摘要

海德格爾1950年出版了〈藝術作品的本源〉，這是他在1936年於法蘭克福的系列演講課程，也是他對《存在與時間》中仍存有西方哲學的主體形上學之批判反思之際，此時期的反思延續到之後〈時間與存在〉以及〈轉向〉等文章。在〈藝術作品的本源〉一文中，海德格爾透過對藝術品的層層剖析直至將「美」和「真」結合在藝術本質之中，而它們向來是分屬於美學和邏輯等不同領域。藝術作品並非做為一個激起美感經驗的對象物，而是以「自己的方式開啟存在者之存在」的真理「事件」（ereignet／advenir），亦即一動態的發生而非靜態的對象性之存在。透過真理事件的運動狀態，人在與藝術品交涉的過程中進入存在的解蔽狀態，也因此知道了自己存在之現實性。本文即試圖跟隨海德格爾對藝術作品的探問以及他所抵達的存有學真理之開顯再次思考經典閱讀其他可能意義。根據海德格爾，我們不再單以美感或體驗出發來理解藝術而是從關於我們自身真理的揭示來看待藝術，那麼經典閱讀之必要或許也可從真理的揭示為我們指出一條另類的存在之道。

關鍵字

海德格爾 ； 揭蔽 ； 藝術 ； 事件 ； 經典

並列摘要

In 1950, Martin Heidegger published The Origin of the Work of Art, which was part of a series of lectures he gave in Frankfurt in 1936 that reflected on subjective metaphysics in western philosophy and was part of his larger work Being and Time. During this period, he continued developing his thoughts through a specific entitled ＂Time and Being＂ as well as ＂The Turn＂. In ＂The Origin of the Work of Art＂, Heidegger offers a layer analysis of art works in combining aspects of beauty and truth as part of the essence of art and how they have always adhered to different fields such as aesthetics and logic. Art works are not objects that inspire the aesthetic experience per se, but rather the event (ereignet / advenir) that opens the existence of the existent in its own way; that is of a dynamic occurrence rather than a static object. Through the movement of truth, people enter an unconcealed state of being in the process of dealing with art, and thus may come to know the reality of their existence. This article attempts to follow Heidegger's inquiry into the works of art and the study of the truth of existence as an unconcealment in order to rethink what it means to read classics. According to Heidegger, we no longer can understand art solely as through aesthetics or experience, but we look at art as a revelation of our own truth. In this vein, we may also reinterpret reading classical works as an alternative way to unconceal the existence of truth.

並列關鍵字

Heidegger ； Unconcealing ； Art ； Ereignet (Event) ； classical works