集水區自動劃分理論之評估與應用

Assessment and Application of Automated Watershed Delineation Theory

林文賜(Wen-Tzu Lin) ； 朱豐沂(Feng-Yi Chu)

《水保技術》 4卷2期 (2009/04) Pp. 74-80

https://doi.org/10.30040/JSWCT.200904.0001

摘要

集水區是水土資源經營與管理之基本單位，在水土保持法規中，集水區為法定權責範圍，對於水土保持推行極為重要。以往集水區邊界係由專業人員依地形圖之等高線劃定，結果常繫於個人主觀之判定，無法提供較客觀標準。近年來，隨著電腦科技的進步，數值高程模型(Digital Elevation Model, DEM)資料於集水區自動劃分之技術已經成熟，集水區自動劃分之方法已經發展多種模式，如ArcView之Hydrology模組、GeoHMS模組、TOPAZ程式集及WinGrid系統等。本研究之目的係評估現有模式劃分集水區之優缺點，並依集水區劃分之學理及實務，提出門檻值、出流口、河川級序及限定面積等劃分方式，作為集水區經營管理之參考。

關鍵字

集水區自動劃分 ； 數值地形模型 ； 水土保持

並列摘要

Watershed has been regarded as the basic unit in the operation and management of soil and water conservation, which is regulated in the soil and water conservation act. Traditionally, watershed boundary was delineated by manpower on the basis of the contours of topographic maps. The delineated result is very objective and time-consuming. In recent years, with the fast growing progress of computer technologies, there is a trend of applying Digital Elevation Model (DEM) in automated watershed delineation. There have been a number of models that developed for automated watershed delineation, such as the Hydrology and GeoHMS modules of ArcView, TOPAZ programs and WinGrid software. The objectives of this study are to assess the advantages and disadvantages of current delineating models, and then propose a variety of delineating methods, including the constant threshold, the assigned outlet, the stream-order rank and the area-restricted watershed algorithms for the references of watershed management.

並列關鍵字

Automated Watershed Delineation ； Digital Elevation Model ； Soil and Water Conservation