由通用土壤流失公式的演進談坡度因子的問題

Problems Associated with Slope Steepness Factor as Viewed from the Evolution of USLE

吳嘉俊(Chia-Chun Wu)

《水保技術》 6卷1期 (2011/01) Pp. 55-62

https://doi.org/10.30040/JSWCT.201101.0006

摘要

通用土壤流失公式自1978年正式推出至今，由於公式的簡單特性，讓該公式廣泛流傳於世間，一度成爲美國農業部水土保持署協助農民規劃水土保持方法的重要工具，也開啓國際間對土壤沖蝕問題的重視，亦推動土壤沖蝕研究持續朝向物理機制模式邁進。本文的主要目的在探討通用土壤流失公式中的坡度因子問題，期望藉由本文的討論，讓國內的使用者瞭解該因子如何演進、目前存在的問題，並於文中提出公式選取的建議。

關鍵字

通用土壤流失公式 ； 坡度因子

並列摘要

Since the final release in 1978, Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) has been implemented worldwide due to its simplicity. It once served as a planning tool through the assistance from USDA-Soil Conservation Service to help farmers select proper conservation practices. In addition, USLE brought worldwide attention to soil erosion problems; it also initiated the erosion researches that finally pushed the soil loss prediction techniques toward physical process-based models. The objective of this paper is to discuss problems related to soil steepness factor through the historic development of erosion estimation techniques. Suggestions for equation selection are also given in the paper to overcome the over-estimation problems.

並列關鍵字

Universal Soil Loss Equation ； Slope Steepness Factor