應用克利金法於山區集水區雨量推估之研究

Application of Kriging Method on the Station Increase in Chen-Yu-Lan Stream

呂鴻廷(Hong-Ting Lyu) ； 洪耀明(Yao-Ming Hong)

《水保技術》 8卷2期 (2013/04) Pp. 68-78

摘要

降雨量為水利工程設計之重要資料，資料不足所推算之暴雨量就有誤差，本研究採用區域化變數中之克利法推估增設雨量站位置，假設某位置增設雨量站後使全域克利金變異數最小便為集水區最佳雨量站增設位址，並以陳有蘭溪為對象，收集集水區內雨量站歷年暴雨資料，計算未增設雨量站之全域克利金變異數；再將集水區分成112個網格，將增設雨量站站址輪流設置於網格中心點，計算增設雨量站後之全域克利金變異數，推得TM2度座標（232000,2612000）增設雨量站之全域克利金變異數最小，表示此位置為陳有蘭溪最佳雨量站設置位置。

關鍵字

克利金法 ； 區域化變數 ； 雨量站 ； 全域克利金變異數

並列摘要

Rainfall volume is one of the important data in the hydraulic and disaster engineering. Inefficient rainfall data will induce a error estimation of rainfall volume. This study uses the Kriging model of regionalized variable to estimate the best adding position of the rain gauges. Assuming the best adding place is the place in which the minimum Global Kriging Variance (GKV) reaches after adding a virtual rain gauge. This study uses Chen-Yu-Lan stream to verify above assumption. At first, this study collected the historical rainfall data of every rainfall gauge in the watershed, and calculated the GKV before adding rain gauge; then the watershed is divided into equivalent mesh with the total 112 and the virtual rain gauge installs in the center of mesh to calculate the GKV after adding rain gauge. Finally, TM2 coordinates (232000, 2612000) is the best adding position owing to the GKV is minimum comparing with the other meshes in the watershed.

並列關鍵字

Kriging method ； Regionalized variable ； Rain gauge ； Global Kriging Variable