風力渦輪葉片原理與實作

Principles and Implementation of Wind Turbine Blades

吳明德(Ming-Te Wu)

《物理教育學刊》 13卷1期 (2012/07) Pp. 51-57

https://doi.org/10.6212/CPE.2012.1301.06

摘要

螺旋槳或是風力渦輪機葉片都可稱為旋翼，而旋翼就是旋轉的機翼，而機翼的升力是如何產生？所以本文探討的第一個重點是：呈現機翼的升、阻力與攻角的關係，並說明利用過於簡化的動量與分力概念，得到的數學模型與事實相較，並不完全正確。旋翼相對於空氣是作螺旋運動，在圓周旋轉的同時沿著轉軸前進運動。而沿著旋翼隨著半徑增加，其相對風速也遞增，相對風與葉片的夾角也變小，所以旋翼各處角度也有所不同。所以第二個重點是：旋翼的角度設計，是由風速、轉速與對應半徑所決定，並提出利用周速比加以計算翼尖角度，並推導出旋翼各處角度。為了要完全發揮旋翼的性能，必須測量風力發電機轉速與環境的風速是否是符合設計所設定的條件，本文的第三個重點：是使用電腦音效卡測量風力機的轉速與，將鎢絲連接三用電錶自製簡易熱線風速計，用來測量環境環境風速。

關鍵字

風力機葉片 ； 螺距 ； 周速比 ； 熱線風速計

並列摘要

Propeller or wind turbine blades can be called the rotor, the rotor blade is rotating wing, and how a wing can produce lift? So the first focus of this paper is: the wing lift and drag with angle of attack, and the oversimplified momentum and force component concept of the mathematical model and the fact that compared to the not entirely correct.Relative to the air rotor blade is to do the helix motion, blade rotating meanwhile the along axis motion. Along the rotor radius increases, the relative wind speed increase, Relative wind and the angle of the blade section is also smaller. The second priority is: blade design of the angle is determined by wind speed, rotation speed, and the corresponding radius, and tip speed ratio to calculate the angle of blade tip, and with throughout angle of entire blade.Relative to the air rotor blade is to do the helix motion, blade rotating meanwhile the along axis motion. Along the blade radius increases, the relative wind speed increase, Relative wind and the angle of the blade section is also smaller. The second priority is: blade design of the angle is determined by wind speed, rotation speed, and the corresponding radius, and tip speed ratio to calculate the angle of blade tip, and with throughout angle of entire blade.Measure the wind turbine rotation speed and the environment wind speed in order to understand the performance of the rotor. The third key: use the computer's sound card to measure the wind turbine rotation speed and filament connection the multimeter DIY simple hot-wire anemometer, the measurement environment environmental wind speed.

並列關鍵字

Wind turbine blades ； pitch ； Tip speed ratio ； Hot-wire anemometer