說物理名詞訂定的原則

On the Principles of the Proper Usage of Physics Nomenclature

劉源俊(Yuan-Tsun Liu) ； 任慶運(Ching-Yun Ren)

《物理教育學刊》 15卷1期 (2014/07) Pp. 9-14

https://doi.org/10.6212/CPE.2014.1501.02

摘要

誠如拉瓦節在其名著《化學要義‧序》中所言：「……任何科學語言的改進必伴隨科學本身的改進；另方面，不改良其語言或命名法，則也不可能改良科學。」科學名詞訂定的恰當與否，關乎科學教育與科學發展至鉅。我國自十九世紀末經翻譯引進西方物理學迄今一百多年，若干名詞的訂定實有商榷的必要。本文嘗試歸納並提出訂定物理名詞的原則，皆舉例說明，如次：一、演化原則，二、一致性原則，三、因境制宜原則，四、意譯原則，五、改正原則，六、中化原則，七、吸納原則。

關鍵字

物理名詞 ； 科學中文化 ； 中華物理 ； 自由 ； 學驗思

並列摘要

As Lavoisier advocated in the Preface of his Elements of Chemistry, ＂…we cannot improve the language of any science without at the same time improving the science itself; neither can we, on the other hand, improve a science without improving the language or nomenclature which belongs to it＂, the importance of the proper usage of nomenclature for the education and the development of science is beyond any doubt. Nevertheless, it has been over a hundred years since the inception of importing Western classics via translation at the end of the 19th century, certain choices of Chinese physics terminology need to be reexamined closely. In this article, attempts are made to summarize and propose in general principles, together with exemplary explanation, for determination of the proper usage of nomenclature in physics. These are: 1. principle of evolution, 2. principle of consistency, 3. principle of contextual conformity, 4. principle of elucidation, 5. principle of correction, 6. principle of adaptation, 7. principle of incorporation.

並列關鍵字

Physics nomenclature ； Science ； Free ； Chinese physics