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Comparative Evaluation of the Morphological Aspects and the Nutritional Values of Urera trinervis and Gnetum africanum in Wild Medium and Domestic Medium
並列摘要
This study concerns the evaluation morphological and nutritional of two wild vegetable-sheets domesticated by the northern population of the districts of Brazzaville, in particular Urera trinervis and Gnetum africanum. A physical analysis was made on the morphological aspects of the sheets of the two plants according to the zone of harvest and the chemical analyses relate to the content of dry matter, proteins, lipids, glucids, ashes et mineral elements. The results show that the sheets of domestic Urera trinervis are broader than those of wild Urera trinervis (p＜0.05) and have petioles longer than wild Urera trinervis (p＜0.001). As for the length of sheets and the number of ribs, the difference is not significant between the two samples (p＞0.05). The Sheets of wild Gnetum africanum are broader than the sheets of domestic Gnetum africanum (p＜0.001) and have the petioles longer than those of Gnetum africanum domestic (p＜0.05). As for the length of the sheets and the number of ribs, the two samples do not present any significant difference (p＞0.05). Being nutritional quality, the results show that the contents of proteins of the sheets of Urera trinervis wild and domestic presents no difference significant (p＞0.05), 15.06±0.36/100 g of dry matter for Urera trinervis wild and 14.50±0.25 g/100 g of matter dry for Urera trinervis domesticated. The contents of proteins of Gnetum africanum are of 20.80±0.2/100 g of mS for the wild sample and 19.03±0.22 g 100 g dry matter for domesticated sample (p＜0.0 5). The two vegetable-sheets are rich in calcium, potassium and iron with contents respectively 3990±0.02, 1820±0.03 and 4.98±0.01 mg/100 g dry matter for Urera trinervis and 950±00.00 mg; 1680±00.00 g and 29±00.00 mg/100 g of dry matter for Gnetum africanum. The domestication of Urera trinervis and Gnetum africanum does not modify in a significant way nutritional qualities of studied vegetables. These results appear adapted to promote and integrate certain wild vegetables in agrarian truths systems in order to fight against their disappearance and to contribute to the food safety of the populations.