探尋揚州徽商與皓南地方戲之關係

清代中葉，徽班從揚州北上京城，為京劇的形成作出不可磨滅的歷史貢獻。當年若不是因為揚州徽籍鹽商之故，原本土生土長的徽調恐怕不大可能興盛於繁華都會──揚州，並獲得恭逢乾隆南巡的機會，那麼徽班以及徽調後來恐怕也就不大可能風靡京城。由於相關歷史資料的匱乏，以往關於清代這一段戲曲發展史的研究，多注重揚州劇壇與北京劇壇之關係，而對於徽班晉京以前的那一段歷史著墨不多。本論文則嘗試跨領域從地理、交通、經濟、政治、民俗等方面切入，綜合審視清代揚州徽籍鹽商、安徽南部地方戲以及徽籍伶人之間的關係，希冀在既有研究之外開掘出另一研究面向。

關鍵字

戲曲；揚州；鹽商；徽班；清代地方戲；花部

並列摘要

In the middle of the Qing dynasty（1644-1911）, a group of Anhui actors came to Beijing from Yangzhou, who made their great contributions to the birth of Beijing opera in the capital afterwards. Without the great support of the Anhui salt traders in Yangzhou, huidiao—a regional xiqu form in southern Anhui province— might not have been flourished in the metropolitan Yangzhou then. This means that those Anhui actors would have not had the opportunity to come to Beijing, celebrating the Emperor Qianlong’s eightieth birthday in 1790. Due to the paucity of historical records, however, there is not much research on the significant topic. This paper will try to explore how those Anhui salt traders influenced their native actors and xiqu form from an interdisciplinary perspective.