香港朱大仙信仰的來源、建醮與展望

The Chu, Tai-Sin Belief of Hong Kong: Origin, Rituals and Perspectives

鄭煒明(Wai-Ming Cheng) ； 龔敏(Man Kung) ； 羅慧(Hui Luo) ； 余穎欣(Wing-Yan Yue) ； 陳德好(Tak-Hou Chan) ； 林愷欣(Hoi-Yan Lam)

《民間文學年刊》 3期 (2009/10) Pp. 161-178

https://doi.org/10.29455/MJWSNK.200910.0010

摘要

中國沿海漁民信奉水神，多有供奉天后、觀音、洪聖等神祇，以祈出入平安，漁汛大順。然而，在港、澳地區，卻有一部份漁民以供奉「朱大仙」為主神，並且稱之為「契爺」的信眾，並於每年農曆三月至六月期間進行水、陸「打醮」儀式，實為港、澳地區最富特色的民間信仰之一種。2008、2009年，我們連續兩年分別前往由香港大澳龍巖寺、香港仔合勝堂舉辦的朱大仙醮會進行田野調查，對於朱大仙的傳說、醮會及信眾等進行了攝錄與採訪，逐漸了解信眾與朱大仙神祇都面臨着信仰傳承的困境。因此，本文以香港漁民的朱大仙信仰為題，從文獻整理、田野調查報告，以及漁民的生態與心態等方面，觀察、論述朱大仙信仰隨著香港社會、經濟的改變，而必須需面臨的調整與轉變。

關鍵字

香港 ； 朱大仙 ； 漁民 ； 大澳龍巖寺 ； 香港仔合勝堂

並列摘要

To solicit peace and wealth, the costal fishermen of China generally worship aquatic gods such as Matsu, Avalokiteśvara and Hung Shing. In certain fishing population of Hong Kong and Macau, however, the Chu, Tai-Sin is worshipped as the chief deity whose land or water cults are held during the 3rd to 6th lunar months each year, making it one of the most unique folk religions of the region. From 2008 to 2009, field investigations were carried out on the two local Chu, Tai-Sin cults respectively held by Tai-O Lung-Ngam Monastery and Aberdeen Hap-Sing-Tong. The legends, cult rituals and the believers of Chu, Tai-Sin were the focus of the field study. This article is therefore to explore the Chu, Tai-Sin Belief of Hong Kong in aspects of literature review, field study, and the social-mental condition of the local fishing population. The inevitable changes of the religion under the social-economic development of Hong Kong are also elaborated and discussed.

並列關鍵字

Hong Kong ； Chu, Tai-sin ； Fishing population ； Tai-O Lung Ngam Monastery ； Aberdeen Hap-Sing-Tong