原鄉的基層社區治理：宜蘭縣南澳鄉K村個案研究

地方治理相關研究，傳統上將社區視為內部同質性高、具有相同規範的政策末端單位，因而假設有社區存在，便會有良好治理條件。若能進一步透過公私部門的合作、專業團體的介入，輔以外部資源的挹注，將能夠有效落實社區治理與推動社區發展。然而證諸實際，台灣社會當中卻鮮有充分發揮治理功能的社區出現。本研究認為社區治理之首要成功要件，在於社會資本的建立。透過運用該資本，成功使得社區居民產生連結與互動，方能採取集體行動來共同參與社區活動，最終健全社區功能且達成社區治理的目的。有鑑於原住民本係社會經濟弱勢，但在政府推動總體營造計畫與成立原住民族委員會並挹注預算後，理論上原住民部落在社區治理與發展上應當有長足的進步，但現實面卻是原住民社區未能發展，治理功能亦未能落實。因此，本研究選擇宜蘭縣南澳鄉K村部落為個案，採用深度訪談法進行研究，探討社區如何建構社會資本，與其所面臨的困境與應採取的策略。同時釐清外部資源挹助對社區治理的影響，及資源挹注的方式應當如何改變，方能夠落實基層社區治理的功能。

關鍵字

社區治理；地方政治；社會資本；集體行動

並列摘要

A community is traditionally regarded as an internally homogenous unit. Therefore, it is theoretically assumed that public-private partnership and the involvement of professional organizations, together with the apportioning of external resources can effectively promote the practice of community governance. However, it is hard to find successful cases of community governance in Taiwan. This research therefore argues that the prerequisite for successful community governance is the establishment of social capital which connects community members and encourages them to take collective actions.Indigenous people are a socially and economically disadvantaged minority in Taiwan. Although recently the government has provided considerable resources to indigenous communities, we have still not seen the development of indigenous communities or the practice of indigenous community governance. As a result, this research chose Village K– an indigenous community with an unsuccessful experience of local governance– as the research case, in order to explore how an indigenouscommunity establishes social capital, the inherent difficulties in doing so, and the strategies the community should take to move forward. Meanwhile, this research also intends to clarify the influence of the allocation of external resources on community governance.