詞彙、認知介面與文化層面的連結性－以太魯閣語為例

本文從「語言與文化」的角度出發，研究文化與詞彙、認知介面的連結性，並特別突顯文化在這三個介面中呈現的重要性。在詞彙與文化中，本文聚焦於詞彙中所蘊含的文化現象，區分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩類，前者再區分為人名、地名、族群名，後者則包括親屬稱謂詞、狩獵類詞彙、嫁娶類詞彙、動物名以及抽象名詞等共八個次類別。在構詞的部分，主要聚焦在構詞法的討論，分成加綴法、複合法兩種常見的構詞方法。最後從認知語言學的角度出發，深入討論並試著詮釋詞彙和構詞呈現的各種現象，並透過圖示的方式呈現彼此互動的關係，藉此突顯「語言－認知－文化」間的互動與影響。

關鍵字

太魯閣語；語言與文化；詞彙；構詞；認知語言學

並列摘要

This paper studies the connectivity among morphology, lexicon, and cognition and culture in the perspective of ＂language and culture＂, and it especially highlights the cultural importance within the three aspects. In terms of lexicon and culture, this paper focuses on the cultural representations of lexicon. It can be divided into proper nouns and common nouns; the former includes person names, place names, tribe names and the latter includes kinship terms, hunting-related, marriagerelated vocabulary, animal names as well as abstract nouns. With respect to morphology, we mainly focus on the two word formation processes: affixation and compounding. Finally, we will discuss and try to explain a number of language phenomena of lexicon and morphology from a cognitive linguistic perspective. We will also present their interactions graphically and thereby highlight the interactions and influences on language, cognition and culture.