以第二次政黨輪替為例，析論臺灣轉型正義的實踐

An Analysis of the Practice of Transitional Justice in Taiwan Using the Second Ruling Party Alternation as a Case Example

蔣邦文(Bang-Wen Jeang)

《台北海洋技術學院學報》 7卷2期 (2016/06) Pp. 90-115

摘要

臺灣在民主化以後，國民黨的李登輝執政了十多年，因國民黨是威權體制的執行者，李氏身為國民黨主席與既得利益者，當然沒有動機去檢討與追究自己政黨過去壓迫人權的過失與錯誤，因此台灣失去了轉型正義的黃金時機。民進黨陳水扁執政，台灣應是落實轉型正義的絕佳時機，但其為了政黨利益，把轉型正義引入藍綠之爭的歧路，讓其淪為民進黨政治與選舉的操弄工具。2008 年選前，國民黨馬英九努力贏得國人的信任，最後重新奪回政權。為此筆者選擇以「我國第二次政黨輪替，台灣轉型正義實踐之研析」為題，蒐集與分析馬政府轉型正義的清單，分析其為何？如何？實踐轉型正義，並進一步研究其轉型正義的作為、進度與面臨的困境及政治效應，最後得出第二次政黨輪替轉型正義缺失，並提出改進的建議，作為政府未來轉型正義政策制訂與推動的參考。

關鍵字

政黨輪替 ； 民主鞏固 ； 轉型正義 ； 雙輪替測試

並列摘要

Taiwan had its first ruling party alternation in 2000. It should have been a perfect time for Chen Shui-bian and the DPP to implement the transitional justice programs, but Chen Shui-bian manipulated the transitional justice mechanisms for the DPP's political and electoral advantages, thus leading to the vicious power struggle between the pan-blue and pan-green camps. Before the 2008 presidential election, Ma Ying-jeou of KMT put a lot of efforts to win back trust of the people and successfully regained political power for KMT, creating a new opportunity for the implementation of transitional justice programs in Taiwan. Therefore, the author selects to make an analysis on the practice of transitional justice in Taiwan using the second ruling party alternation as a case example. In terms of methodology, the author applies the historical-critical method to collect and analyze the transitional justice programs and mechanisms adopted by the Ma Ying-jeou Administration, their progresses, their challenges, and political effects, their gains and losses, and suggestions for improvement. It is hoped that the study can serve as a reference as for the government to formulate the transitional justice policy in the future.

並列關鍵字

Ruling Party Alternation ； Democratic Transition ； Transitional Justice ； Two-Turnover Test

參考文獻

Barkan, Elazar(2000).The Guilty of Nations: Restitution and Negotiating Historical Injustice.W. W. Norton & Company.

Elster, Jon(2004).Closing the Books: Transitional Justice in Historical Perspective.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press.

Huntington, Samuel P.(1991).The third wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century.Norman:University of Oklahoma Press.

Luban, David(2006).Review of Jon Elster, Closing the Books.Ethics.116(2),409-412.

Shelton, Dinah L.(2004).Encyclopedia of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity.Detroit:Macmillan Reference.