The Knowledge and Attitudes of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention among Middle and Older Aged People in a Community in Taipei

台北市某社區中老年民眾對心血管疾病預防的認知與態度

陳維茜(Wei-Chien Chen) ； 余儀呈(Yi-Cheng Yu) ； 凱倫‧葛雷瑟(Karen Glaser)

《台灣老年醫學暨老年學雜誌》 4卷4期 (2009/11) Pp. 251-262

https://doi.org/10.29461/TGG.200911.0005

摘要

目的：探討台灣中老年民眾對心血管疾病預防的認知與態度。
方法：本研究採橫斷面電話訪問調查方式，由台北市某診所過去一年的就診紀錄中，選取45歲以上民眾作爲樣本清冊，進行系統抽樣。訪談內容包括受訪者個人的心血管疾病危險因子，自覺風險高低，舉出心血管疾病的危險因子和預防方法等。並進一步以卡方檢定及Kruskal-Wallis檢定來測試不同的年齡層，教育程度和有無危險因子是否會影響受訪者對心血管疾病的認知與態度。
結果：系統抽樣共得376人，其中211人同意受訪，反應率56%。高達77%的受訪者至少帶有一項心血管疾病的危險因子，但大部分受訪者，尤其是60歲以上的族群，對於心血管疾病預防的認知卻非常有限。四分之三的受訪者，不知道大部分的心血管疾病是可預防的。有糖尿病或吸菸習慣的受訪者，並不認爲他們的心臟病風險高於同年齡的人。
結論：心血管疾病的風險隨年齡上升，民眾需要更多預防心血管疾病的衛教指導，尤其是糖尿病患，吸菸者和高齡族群。

關鍵字

心血管疾病 ； 冠狀動脈心臟病 ； 預防 ； 認知 ； 台灣

並列摘要

Objectives: Given increases in prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Taiwan, the aim of this study was to investigate knowledge and attitudes towards CHD prevention among aged adults in Taiwan.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, based on a telephone survey. People aged 45 and over were systematically sampled from a family physician's clinic in a residential area of Taipei City. Participants were invited to talk about risk factors, prevention strategies and preventability of CHD. Chi-Square tests and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to examine associations between selected factors (e.g. having CHD risk factors or not, educational levels and age) that can affect people's knowledge and attitudes towards CHD prevention.
Results: Of the 376 people sampled, 211 agreed to take part in the study, resulting in a response rate of 56%. Most people had only limited knowledge of CHD prevention, even though 77% reported at least 1 risk factor for CHD. Three quarters of participants were not sure CHD is a preventable disease. Around 82% knew only two or fewer risk factors for CHD and 26% were not able to name any prevention strategies for CHD. Smokers and people with diabetes were not aware themselves as being at high risk for CHD. People aged 60 and over and those with lower educational levels were less likely to be aware of strategies for CHD prevention.
Conclusions: As CHD is a growing public health concern in Taiwan, lay people's knowledge of CHD prevention needs to be heightened. Information from this study will help to inform CHD policy in Taiwan. It gives insight into what information may need more emphasis and which subgroups of people may need more attention from health professionals in Taiwan's CHD prevention.

並列關鍵字

coronary heart disease ； prevention ； attitudes ； health education ； community