高雄地區長期照護機構中老人咀嚼吞嚥與營養相關之探討

The Relationship between Swallowing Function and Nutrition Status of long-term Care Facility Residents in Kaohsiung Area

黃桂香(Kuei-Hsiang Huang) ； 黃純德(Shun-Te Kuang) ； 王曉平(Hsiao-Pin Wang) ； 黃祖源(Tzuu-Yuan Huang)

《Taiwan Journal of Oral Medicine Sciences》 26卷3期 (2010/12) Pp. 227-235

https://doi.org/10.7059/TJOMS.201012.0227

摘要

Background: The population of elderly in Taiwan was 10.4% by 2008, and will be increased to 14.0% by 2017 to reach aging society (aged society). Chewing and swallowing is the first step of ingestion, general population and elderly need to have an effective oral operation by chewing and swallowing to get a good nutritional intake.Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between dysphagia and nutritional problems in the long-term care facility residents.Materials and Methods: This study is cross -sectional study. There were 21 out of 205 long term care institutions and a total number of 452 residents who were more than 45 years old joined this research program after approved by the Ethics Committee of Kaohsiung medical University and informed consent from the institutions and legal caregivers of residents. Oral examination and water swallowing test were conducted, and questionnaire concerning nutritional problems were surveyed through interviews in this research.Results: The correlation between dysphagia and nutritional problems after adjusted by gender and age showed that the odds ratio of dysphagia in those residents with MNA score between 17-23.5 was 3.84 times of those residents with MNA score＞23.5, and 7.29 times of those residents with MNA score＜17. The odds ratio of dysphagia in those residents with abnormal albumin value was 3.04 times of those residents with normal albumin with statistical significance. The odds ratio of dysphagia in those residents with abnormal cholesterol value was 1.96 times of those residents with normal cholesterol value with statistical significance.Conclusion: The dysphagia statistically significantly impact to nutritional problems with high correlation and cannot be ignored. The effective, proper oral care and development of swallowing training will decrease the dysphagia and enhance their nutrition status.

關鍵字

中老年人 ； 長期照護機構 ； 咀嚼吞嚥障礙 ； 齒數 ； 營養問題 ； MNA分數

並列摘要

Background: The population of elderly in Taiwan was 10.4% by 2008, and will be increased to 14.0% by 2017 to reach aging society (aged society). Chewing and swallowing is the first step of ingestion, general population and elderly need to have an effective oral operation by chewing and swallowing to get a good nutritional intake.Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between dysphagia and nutritional problems in the long-term care facility residents.Materials and Methods: This study is cross -sectional study. There were 21 out of 205 long term care institutions and a total number of 452 residents who were more than 45 years old joined this research program after approved by the Ethics Committee of Kaohsiung medical University and informed consent from the institutions and legal caregivers of residents. Oral examination and water swallowing test were conducted, and questionnaire concerning nutritional problems were surveyed through interviews in this research.Results: The correlation between dysphagia and nutritional problems after adjusted by gender and age showed that the odds ratio of dysphagia in those residents with MNA score between 17-23.5 was 3.84 times of those residents with MNA score＞23.5, and 7.29 times of those residents with MNA score＜17. The odds ratio of dysphagia in those residents with abnormal albumin value was 3.04 times of those residents with normal albumin with statistical significance. The odds ratio of dysphagia in those residents with abnormal cholesterol value was 1.96 times of those residents with normal cholesterol value with statistical significance.Conclusion: The dysphagia statistically significantly impact to nutritional problems with high correlation and cannot be ignored. The effective, proper oral care and development of swallowing training will decrease the dysphagia and enhance their nutrition status.

並列關鍵字

the elderly ； long-term care institution ； dyspagia ； teeth number ； nutrition problem ； MNA score