水準測量與重力測量觀測量聯合平差之研究

A Study of Combining Adjustment of Leveling and Gravimetric Observations

高書屏(Szu-Pyng Kao) ； 林長青(Chang-Ching Lin)

《地籍測量：中華民國地籍測量學會會刊》 20卷4期 (2001/12) Pp. 1-13

https://doi.org/10.29609/YYWYLL.200112.0001

摘要

本研究建制重力與水準測量觀測量的聯解模型，賦以不同的給權模式，並以台灣現有一等水準點中含有重力觀測值的點位組成模擬網形，討論模型的解算及其與傳統解算模型的差異。本研究中分五種平差方法：（一）以I0007（中部）正高高程為基準的水準網平差、（二）以A585（北部）正高高程為基準的水準網平差、（三）採用固定點聯合重力網與水準網的平差、（四）聯合重力與水準的自由網平差、（五）水準自由網平差。再由這五種平差方法針對不同給權模式，作各種精度分析比較，給權模式分有四種：（一）採距離(P1)、（二）採測站數(P2)、（三）採地球重力位給權(P3)、（四）採降低系統誤差影響的測段每公里總中誤差來定權(P4)。由本研究得知，以距離、測站數、水準測量每公里的中誤差（地球重力位的權）及降低系統誤差影響的測段每公里總中誤差的給權模式中，測試水準點最大誤差分別為±2.942cm、±2.939cm、±2.979cm及±2.987cm。其中，除了測站數外，其它四種給權模式最大誤差出現在墾丁(I0219)，測站數給權模式的最大誤差則出現在南橫上(A428)。從本研究成果顯示，水準高程系統加入重力觀測值進行平差對整體網形精度的提昇要比改變觀測量的權來得明顯。

關鍵字

重力 ； 水準 ； 環閉合差

並列摘要

This study builds the co-adjustment models of leveling and gravimetric observations with different weighting models. The bench-marks with the gravimetric observations of Taiwan first order leveling network will be used as the simulation network, and be discussed the obtained different results between co-adjustment and traditional model.This research is aimed to propose five adjustment ways in the study, which are (1) The leveling adjustment of using only one fixed and known point (fixed I0007 in middle area), (2) The leveling adjustment of using only one fixed and known point (fixed A585 in northern area), (3) The combining adjustment of leveling and gravimetric network of using only fixed and known point (fixed A585 in northern area), (4) The combining adjustment of leveling and gravimetric free network, (5) The leveling adjustment of free network. This five adjustment ways have been used with different weighting models to analyze the accuracy. This research is aimed to propose four weighting models in the study, which are using the section length, the numbers of station, the weighting of gravity potential, and the standard deviation which also computed from section discrepancies within each individual line that the systematic effects were considered.It has been shown by this research, the maximum standard deviation within all bench-marks obtained by using these four weighting models (P1, P2, P3 and P4) are ±2.942 cm, ±2.939 cm, ±2.979 cm and ±2.987 cm respectively. To give a more clear idea in location, the maximum standard deviation of this bench-mark obtained from these weighting models occurred on Kenting with the exception of P4, it's occurred on Nan-Hen.It has been shown by this research resolution, combining leveling and gravimetric observations adjustment are better than only change weighting in whole network accuracy.

並列關鍵字

Gravity ； Leveling ； Circuit misclosure