探討居家呼吸器依賴患者其主要照顧者之照顧需求及相關因素

The Related Factors and Care Needs of Caregivers Responsible for Home Ventilator-Dependent Patients

郭文芳(Wen-Fang Kuo) ； 簡姿娟(Tzu-Chuan Chien Chen)

《護理暨健康照護研究》 5卷4期 (2009/12) Pp. 302-311

https://doi.org/10.6225/JNHR.5.4.302

摘要

背景　隨著我國健保局推行的呼吸器依賴患者整合性照護計劃，居家照顧將成為呼吸器依賴患者之主要照顧重點，而照顧者將會面臨許多壓力與責任，因此須進一步探討照顧者需要協助之問題，以作為護理人員提供照顧之參考。
目的　探討居家呼吸器依賴患者主要照顧者的照顧需求情形及相關因素。
方法　採橫斷式相關性研究設計，以方便取樣方式選取中部地區居家照顧之呼吸器依賴患者的主要照顧者，以結構性問卷收集資料，有效問卷共138份。
結果　⑴「照顧相關知識」為最重要的需求項目，⑵主要照顧者之照顧需求與患者之診斷與疾病情況有顯著相關，⑶主要照顧者每日照顧的時間與照顧相關技能及照顧相關服務需求呈現顯著正相關。
結論／實務應用　由於主要照顧者對於「照顧相關知識」有高度的需求，故建議制定完整的居家照顧指引，包括：症狀評估、疾病監測及處置、藥物、營養及復健等內容，減少因知識不足帶來的壓力與傷害。

關鍵字

居家呼吸器依賴患者 ； 主要照顧者 ； 照顧需求

並列摘要

Background: The ”Integrated Nursing Care Plan for Ventilator-Dependent Patients” proposed and promoted by the National Health Insurance Bureau mandates home care for most ventilator-dependent patients. Implementation of this policy greatly increases the stress and responsibility of caregivers. This paper discusses key problems faced by caregivers in caring for this group of patients and identifies areas of particular need as a reference for nurses.
Objective: This paper explored the needs and related factors of caregivers responsible for the care of home-based ventilator-dependent patients.
Method: A cross-sectional correlation design was used to sample caregivers of home ventilator-dependent patients in central Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. A total of 138 valid questionnaires were collected.
Results: 1) ”Relevant caretaking knowledge” was the most important needs-related item; 2) A significant correlation was identified between caregiver needs and patient diagnoses and severity of illness; 3) As expected, a significantly positive correlation between caregiver hours of daily service and caretaking-related skill and service needs.
Conclusion/Practical Application: The high level of identified need for amongst caregivers for ”relevant caretaking knowledge” suggests a need to establish sound home care guidance that addresses physical assessments, disease monitoring, management, medication, nutrition and rehabilitation in order to reduce stress and injury risks.

並列關鍵字

home ventilator-dependent patient ； caregiver ； care needs