台灣籍與大陸籍婦女於妊娠期間心理壓力與社會支持之比較－以高雄地區為例

A Comparative Study of Psychological Stress and Social Support between Taiwan-Born and China-Born Pregnant Women in the Kaohsiung Area

楊蕎瑜(Qiao-Yu Yang) ； 陳彰惠(Chung-Hey Chen)

《護理暨健康照護研究》 5卷4期 (2009/12) Pp. 312-320

https://doi.org/10.6225/JNHR.5.4.312

摘要

背景　懷孕歷程是人生最獨特的經驗，隨著個人經歷及不同的文化有其特有的詮釋，懷孕的歷程攸關著一個家庭的演進與新生命的健康發展，必須對懷孕期間的照護投予相當的關注。
目的　探討台灣籍與大陸籍孕婦於妊娠期間心理壓力與社會支持的情況及其異同。
方法　採橫斷性研究設計，針對高雄地區173位台灣籍孕婦與74位大陸籍孕婦進行妊娠期間心理壓力與社會支持的比較。
結果　台灣籍孕婦之整體孕期心理壓力程度，顯著高於大陸籍孕婦，而構成台灣籍孕婦心理壓力最主要的因素為「身體心像改變而引發之壓力感」，大陸籍孕婦則是為「確保母子健康及安全而引發之壓力感」。孕期社會支持的部分，台灣籍孕婦之知覺社會支持程度，顯著高於大陸籍孕婦，兩組主要的社會支持來源皆為「源自於家庭成員之情緒性與實質性支持」。
結論　了解孕婦的需要以及強化家庭功能是非常重要的；唯有從文化觀點了解其孕期心理壓力和社會支持，才能提供適切的護理。

關鍵字

孕期心理壓力 ； 孕期社會支持 ； 跨文化護理

並列摘要

Background: Pregnancy impacts the life of an expectant mother in ways that are heavily influenced by her personal experiences and cultural background. As the course of a pregnancy affects fetal health and the development of the family, the administration of proper healthcare during pregnancy is of vital importance.
Purpose: This study was designed to compare differences in pregnancy-related stress and social support between pregnant women born, respectively, in Taiwan and China.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 173 Taiwan-born and 74 China-born pregnant women were recruited from the Kaohsiung area by means of convenience sampling.
Results: Pregnancy stress perceived by Taiwan-born participants was significantly higher than that perceived by their China-born peers. The most important stress-related factors were ”stress related to altered bodily structures and functions” for Taiwan-born participants and ”stress related to seeking safe passage for herself and her child through pregnancy, labor and delivery” for China-born participants. Perceived social support was also significantly higher in Taiwan-born participants than in those born in China. The two groups shared ”emotional support and instrumental support from family members” as the primary source of social support.
Conclusions: Listening to pregnant women's concerns in order to reinforce their family functions is of clinical importance. Findings highlight a cultural perspective on pregnancy stress and social support to provide a basis for improving prenatal care.

並列關鍵字

pregnancy stress ； pregnancy social support ； transcultural nursing