成人加護病房病患家屬壓力感受與護理人員知覺之比較

Family Member Care Stress in the Adult Intensive Care Unit: A Comparison of Actual and Nurse-Perceived Stress

林雅華(Ya-Hua Lin) ； 鄭惠娟(Wie-Jen Zen) ； 謝采霞(Cai-Xia Xie) ； 劉晉雯(Jin-Wen Liu) ； 蘇麗智(Lih-Jyh Su)

《護理暨健康照護研究》 7卷3期 (2011/09) Pp. 243-251

https://doi.org/10.6225/JNHR.7.3.243

摘要

背景　病患入住加護病房會使家屬感到壓力，繼而影響病患的安適，為減輕家屬的壓力，護理人員必須確認家屬的壓力感受，但是，護理人員知覺到家屬的壓力感受是否與家屬本身相符？需進一步探討。目的　探討成人加護病房病患家屬自覺的壓力感受狀況，並比較病患家屬自覺之壓力感受與護理人員知覺家屬的壓力感受之差異。方法　為橫斷式研究，以結構性問卷收集資料。收案方式採立意取樣，以中部某區域教學醫院4所內外科成人加護病房病患家屬及護理人員為對象，收案日期自2008年3月15日至7月31日。共回收病患家屬資料為125人、護理人員115人。結果　㈠家屬整體的壓力感受介於中度至重度之間，壓力構面之感受由高至低依序為：「病患病情」、「個人」、「人際」、「環境」；㈡「病患家屬感受到的病患病情」之壓力與護理人員的知覺間無顯著相關，但是「個人」、「人際」、「環境」等構面，家屬皆顯著低於護理人員。結論／實務應用　護理人員知覺家屬的壓力感受除「病患病情」構面與家屬相似之外，整體而言有高估的現象。建議將研究結果應用於臨床實務上，提供成人加護病房護理人員照護病患家屬的參考。

關鍵字

成人加護病房 ； 病患家屬的壓力感受 ； 病患家屬 ； 護理人員

並列摘要

Background: The stress felt by a family when one of its members is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) significantly affects patient well-being. Nurses must identify the stresses perceived by family members in order to effectively address and reduce such. The accuracy with which nurses perceive the stress of patient families is a subject that deserves further study.Purpose: This study investigated stressors perceived by family members in the adult ICU and compared perception of such stressors between family members and nurses.Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional correlative design. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. A purposive sample of family members and nurses was recruited between March 15th, 2008 and July 31st, 2008 from four medical and surgical departments of the adult ICU at a regional teaching hospital in central Taiwan. The sample included 125 family members and 115 nursing staffs. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.Results: (1) Overall perceived level of patient family stress ranged from moderate to severe. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified the stress scores of family members in the following domains: (a) patient condition domain, (b) personal domain, (c) interpersonal domain, and (d) environmental domain. (2) Stress identified in the patient condition domain was significantly the same between surveyed family members and nurses. However, stress in the personal, interpersonal and environmental domains of family members were significantly lower than those of nurses.Conclusions/Implications for Practice: With the exception of patient condition domain scores, nurses overestimated family stress scores in all identified domains. Study findings may be applied in clinical practice to enhance nursing care of adult ICU patient family members.

並列關鍵字

adult intensive care unit ； perceived stress of patient's family ； family member ； nurse