台灣閩南語形容詞限比句的趨同變化

The Convergence Changes of Limited Compararive Sentences in Taiwan Southern Min

吳翠萍(Tsui-Ping Wu)

《南亞學報》 28期 (2008/12) Pp. 103-113

https://doi.org/10.6989/JN.200812.0103

摘要

台灣閩南語『形容詞限比句』現存有四種句式：（1）A+比+B+ P(ADJ)、（2）A+比+B+較+ P(ADJ)、（3）A+ P(ADJ)+過+B、（4）A+較+ P(ADJ)+B，四種句式又可分成『謂語前限比句』－（1）（2）及『謂語後限比句』－（3）（4）兩大類型，由於受國語的影響正在進行兩種趨同變化：一為『謂語後限比句』的流失，起因於在國語中『謂語後限比句』相較於『謂語前限比句』的競爭下，也是處於弱勢的情形，也因而影響了台灣閩南語的走勢；再者為在『謂語前限比句』中，比較詞【較khah】的流失，起因於國語沒有A+比+B+較+ P(ADJ)句式，而A+比+B+ P(ADJ)的結構在國語比較句中又是能產性最強的句式，為了語言的方便對譯，便造成了閩南語【較khah】在『謂語前限比句』的流失。

關鍵字

形容詞限比句 ； 謂語前限比句 ； 謂語後限比句 ； 趨同變化

並列摘要

There exist four types of limited comparative sentences in Taiwan Southern Min: (1) A+bi+B+P(ADJ), (2) A+bi+B+kah+P(ADJ), (3) A+P(ADJ)++kue+B and (4) A+ kah +P(ADJ)+B. Due to the influences by Chinese Mandarin, two convergence changes arise. The first is the disappearing of the limited comparative sentences with post-predicate. The second is the loss of kah in limited comparative sentences with pre-predicate. The productivity and the convenience of translations are the two main causes resulting in the two changes.

並列關鍵字

Limited comparative sentences ； Limited comparative sentences with pre-predicate ； Limited comparative sentences with post-predicate ； Convergence change