貶官詩之時代精神比較：以沈佺期與劉禹錫為例

Comparison of the spirit of the era of eunuch poetry: Taking Shen Yu and Liu Yuxi as examples

杜慧卿(Du Hui-Chin)

《嘉大中文學報》 13期 (2020/03) Pp. 97-117

摘要

唐朝官場以居中央任京官為重，即使同官品者，以在京城任郎官者為高，而外放他地者較低。因此出現不少同官品，由京師外放地方，仍視為政治失意。因而產生特殊情境的貶官詩作，包含個人失意外放任職，與受罰貶官雙重意涵。沈佺期為初唐重要作家代表，其作品風格，塑立唐詩重聲韻的特色。沈氏詩詞創作豐富，一生事功高低迭起，最多心聲寄情吟詠。劉禹錫的作品於中唐最為盛名，而劉氏少年得勢，之後連坐王叔文，歷經二十三年貶官歲月，幾乎流於外放，幸得忘情創作，抒發己志，造就現存劉禹錫大量詩詞。兩者象徵的官僚階級，是展現官員自我高度認同，且自別於其他一般階級的積極精神。貶官詩題材，大多來自身處之地，或感慨或幽嘆或歡喜，將地方風土民情入詩。經過傳頌，與文人間交流，轉化一貫由中央向下俯視地方的態度。

關鍵字

沈佺期 ； 劉禹錫 ； 貶官詩 ； 官僚階級

並列摘要

The officialdom of the Tang Dynasty is based on the central government,even the same official, For those who are in the capital, they are high, while those who are outside are lower. Therefore, there are many similar official products, which are regarded as political frustrations by the locals. Therefore, the eunuch's poems that produce special situations contain personal accidents and deportation, and they have double meanings with the punishment of eunuchs. The indulging period is the representative of important writers in the early Tang Dynasty. His works styles and the characteristics of the Tang poetry. Shen The poetry is rich in creation, and the work of the whole life is high and low. Liu Yuxi's works are most famous in the middle Tang Dynasty. Flowing outside, I am fortunate to forget to create, express my own. The bureaucratic class symbolizing the two is a positive spirit that demonstrates the high self-identification of officials and is different from other general classes. Most of the subjects of the eunuchs come to their own places, or to express their feelings or sighs or joys, to bring local customs and poetry into poetry. After being rumored to communicate with the literati, the transformation has always been viewed from the center down to the local attitude.

並列關鍵字

Shen Yu ； Liu Yuxi ； Eunuch poetry ； bureaucratic class