論《詞潔》與《詞綜》詞學思想之異同

The Theory "Phrase Jie" and "Phrase Zong" Phrase First to Learn the Different and Similar of Thought

柯秉芳(Bing-Fang Ke)

《東吳中文線上學術論文》 20期 (2012/12) Pp. 31-50

https://doi.org/10.29730/SJCLO.201212.0003

摘要

先著（生卒年不詳）為清初詞人，其詞學觀主要見於與程洪（生卒年不詳）共同選評之《詞潔》中。《詞潔》選評反映當日時代風氣，主張「雅正」詞風，推崇姜張，注意詞韻協律，與朱彝尊（1629－1709）之詞學觀相近。然先著亦讚賞北宋蘇軾詞作之興象，亦強調張先、周邦彥對南宋詞家之影響，和朱彝尊崇南宋詞不盡相同；先著也稱許辛棄疾詞之「本色」，與朱彝尊「吾最愛姜史，君亦厭辛劉」之說不同。先著反對《詞律》以四聲平仄論詞，批評製譜者以律制人之現象。在論詠物詞方面，《詞潔》與《詞綜》同樣強調詠物之寄託意義，效仿南宋末年《樂府補題》詠物寄託國家興亡、身世感懷。初刻本《詞綜》大抵為朱彝尊入博學鴻詞科前所著，故詠物寄託「不得志於時者所宜寄情」，而入史館後，朱彝尊得清朝之恩，便以詠物歌詠太平；先著則未曾於清朝為官，故無論詞評或詞作，皆以詠物寄託強烈之家國感懷。《詞綜》和《詞潔》為兩本時代相近之選本，將其相互比較，從中可見當日詞壇風氣，亦可見先著獨樹一幟之詞學思想。

關鍵字

先著 ； 《詞潔》 ； 朱彝尊 ； 《詞綜》 ； 詞學思想

並列摘要

Shian Ju (give birth to a soldier the not known is for year)is a phrase in the early Ching dynasty person, its phrase's learning a view mainly be seen to choose to review its ”Phrase Jie” with Cheng Hung (gave birth to a soldier the not known was for year) together medium. ”Phrase Jie” chooses to review a reflection that day times custom, advocate the phrase breeze of ”Ya Zheng”, worship Jiang Zhang, the attention phrase rhyme helps Lyu and learn a view with Zhu Yi Zun's (1629-1709) phrase close by. However Shian Ju to also applaud northern Song Su the Shi phrase makes of cheerful elephant, also emphasize piece first, the influence of Zhou Bang Yan to southern phrase house in Song, and Zhu Yi's respecting southern Song phrase doesn't exert a homology; Shian Ju t to also praisetrue colors” of Xin Qi Ji's phrase, with Zhu Yi Zun ”I love most Jiang Shi, the gentleman is also disgusted with bitter Liu” it say a dissimilarity. Shian Ju objection's Phrase Lyu to talk about a phrase by the four tones even Ze and criticize to make a table with the person of Lyu system's phenomenon. In the aspects of talking about the chirping of birds thing phrase, ”Phrase Jie” with ”Phrase Zong” equally emphasizes the chirping of birds thing it consign meaning, imitate southern Song last years of the period ”Joy the mansion repair” chirping of birds thing to consign a national rise and fall, life experience bosom. Is early engraving this ”Phrase Zong” to generally then sing peace by singing a thing for Zhu Yi Zun going into learned Hong phrase before the section wearing, so singing the thing consigning ”not Be enjoyed success to proper send feeling”, and going into history building after, Zhu Yi Zun getting Manchu Dynasty of kidness, Shian Ju then have never been an officer in Manchu Dynasty, so no matter the phrase review or the phrase make and all consign by singing a thing mightiness of country bosom in the house. ”Phrase Zong” and ”Phrase Jie” for two times close by of chooses an origin, will it is mutually compare, from win it is thus clear that on that day phrase altar custom, also it is thus clear that the phrase Shian Ju to create new style learns thought.

並列關鍵字

Shian Ju ； "Phrase Jie" ； Zhu Yi Zun ； "Phrase Zong" ； phrase learn thought