浮動式道床對列車舒適度之影響

Influence of Floating Slab Track on Riding Comfort of Train

邱進東(Jinn-Tong Chiu) ； 袁士展(Shih-Chan Yuan) ； 許榮均(Rong-Juin Shyu)

《應用聲學與振動學刊》 13卷1&2期 (2021/12) Pp. 25-37

https://doi.org/10.6282/JASV.202112_13(1_2).0003

摘要

浮動式道床可隔絕列車通過引致的振動，在近幾年已被大量使用在臺灣捷運軌道，但對於列車通過浮動式道床，是否會造成乘坐時的不舒適，比較少的研究進行探討。因此本文將模擬捷運列車通過浮動式道床，建立一列車舒適度的評估程序：1. 先以分析軟體LS-DYNA建立橋樑、軌道與列車分析模型，軌道分為地下段與高架段，橋梁模型考慮跨距為30 m 的高架橋包含浮動式道床，列車模型包含車輪、主懸吊系統、轉向架、次懸吊系統及車廂。2. 再模擬列車通過橋樑時前後列車之轉向架通過產生外激頻率與橋梁自然頻率的共振效應，分別以車速40～90 km/h，模擬列車通過沒有浮動式道床軌道、有浮動式道床的軌道地下段與高架段。模擬結果分別擷取不同軌道座位區前、中、後位置的垂向加速度。3. 最後再以ISO 2631-1評估列車的垂向乘坐舒適度，並比較有無浮動式道床對捷運列車乘坐舒適度的影響。模擬結果顯示舒適度在合格範圍內，並利用田口法分析影響乘坐舒適度的主要因子，以軌道有無浮動式道床與列車的主懸吊、次懸吊系統剛度及阻尼還有列車重心為影響因子，結果顯示影響列車乘坐舒適度的顯著因子為有無浮動式道床軌道與車廂重心，在有浮動式道床軌道與車輛重心較低時有最佳舒適度。並且驗證模擬與預測值吻合，說明田口法得出之最佳組合是可靠的。

關鍵字

列車 ； 浮動式道床 ； 乘坐舒適度 ； LS-DYNA

並列摘要

Floating slab track can insulate the vibration caused by train passing. In recent years, they have been widely used on Taiwan Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) tracks. However, there are relatively few studies on whether trains passing through floating track beds will cause discomfort when riding. Therefore, this article will simulate the MRT train passing the floating track bed and establish a train comfort evaluation procedure: 1. First, uses LS-DYNA to establish a bridge, track and train analysis model. The track is divided into an underground section and an elevated section. The bridge model considers a 30 m span viaduct including a floating slab track. The train model includes wheels, main suspension system, bogie, secondary suspension system and carriage. 2. Then, the resonance effect of the external excitation frequency and the natural frequency of the bridge when the train passes through the bridge. The speed is from 40 km/h to 90 km/h. Simulates the train passing the track with and without floating slab track. Underground section and bridge section. The simulation results capture the vertical accelerations at the front, middle, and rear positions of different carriage areas. 3. Finally, the vertical ride comfort of the train is evaluated by ISO 2631-1, and the influence of whether there is a floating track bed on the ride comfort of the MRT train is compared. The simulation results show that the comfort level is within the qualified range, and the Taguchi method is used to analyze the main factors affecting the ride comfort. The influencing factors are the presence or absence of a floating track bed, the rigidity and damping of the train's main suspension, secondary suspension system, and the center of gravity of the train. The results show that the significant factors affecting the ride comfort of the train are the presence or absence of a floating slab track and the center of gravity of the car. The best comfort is when there is a floating slab track and the center of gravity of the vehicle is low. And verify that the simulation and the predicted value are consistent, indicating that the best combination obtained by Taguchi method is reliable.

並列關鍵字

Train ； Floating Slab Track ； Riding Comfort ； LS-DYNA