微穿孔板應用於隔音牆頂邊裝置研究

Research on the Application of Micro-Perforated Panel to the Top Side Device of Soundproof Wall

邱進東(Jinn-Tong Chiu) ； 邱冠詠(Guan-Yong Chiu)

《應用聲學與振動學刊》 13卷1&2期 (2021/12) Pp. 39-48

https://doi.org/10.6282/JASV.202112_13(1_2).0004

摘要

微穿孔板是利用共振吸音原理，有低質量與高聲阻的新型吸音結構，是由直徑在1 mm以下的穿孔薄板和板後的空腔組成。經典的理論由中國馬大猷教授首先提出，利用孔徑、板厚、開孔率及背後空腔厚度，計算出微穿孔板吸音率及其特性。本文對異形微孔金屬吸音板，透過微穿孔板聲音阻抗理論、亥姆霍茲空腔共振原理、聲學有限元素模型理論及幾何特性，建立微穿孔板不同頻率的聲音阻抗模型。配合阻抗管實驗及利用本校聲學實驗室進行實驗，由實驗及聲學有限元素法模擬進行驗證分析，以求得微穿孔板的等效聲阻抗。隔音牆特性分析著重於防止頂邊繞射，因此本文在隔音牆上方加裝微穿孔板作為頂邊裝置。根據設計重點建立四控制因子，分別為水泥牆高度、微穿孔板高度、微穿孔板角度及與音源之距離，使用田口法進行聲學有限元素法模擬分析以找出最適化組合，並算出最大插入損失。由結果可得知在不同頻率下，需搭配不同高度與角度的頂邊裝置可達到最佳隔音效果。

關鍵字

隔音牆 ； 微穿孔板 ； 頂邊裝置 ； 噪音

並列摘要

The micro-perforated panel is a new type of sound-absorbing structure with low quality and high acoustic resistance using the principle of resonance sound absorption. It is composed of a perforated sheet with a diameter of less than 1 mm and a cavity behind the plate. The classic theory was first proposed by Professor Ma Dayou of China. Using the hole diameter, plate thickness, opening rate and thickness of the back cavity, the sound absorption rate and characteristics of the micro-perforated panel were calculated. Based on the special-shaped micro-porous metal sound-absorbing panel, through the sound impedance theory of the micro-perforated panel, the Helmholtz cavity resonance principle, the acoustic finite element model theory and geometric characteristics, the sound impedance model of the micro-perforated panel at different frequencies is established. Cooperate with impedance tube experiment and use our school's acoustic laboratory to conduct experiments, and verify and analyze by experiment and acoustic finite element method simulation to obtain the equivalent acoustic impedance of the micro-perforated panel. The analysis of the characteristics of the noise barrier focuses on preventing the top side diffraction, so this paper installs a micro-perforated panels on the top of noise barrier as a top edge device. According to the design focus, four control factors were established, namely the height of the cement wall, the height of the micro-perforated panels, the angle of the micro-perforated panels and the distance of the sound source. Taguchi method was used to perform acoustic finite element method simulation analysis to find the optimal combination and calculate the maximum insertion loss. From the results, it can be seen that under different frequencies, top edge devices of different heights and angles are required to achieve for the best sound insulation effect.

並列關鍵字

Noise Barrier ； Micro-Perforated Panel ； Top Edge Device ； Noise