Revitalization and Development of Taiwanese Literarure: On the Key to the Development of Taiwanese Literarure

台灣文學ê復振kah發展－兼論台語文學發展ê關鍵

廖瑞銘(Sui-Beng Liau)

《台語研究》 8卷1期 (2016/03) Pp. 16-30

https://doi.org/10.6621/JTV.2016.0801.02

摘要

照文學發展ê基本邏輯，任何民族ê文學攏是以母語為主要ê創作語言，ùi口傳形式向書面語形式發展，台語文學ma無例外。台語文學ùi民間口傳文學形式開始，經過文字書寫系統ê學習建立，chiah koh進入作家書面語文學創作ê階段。考察台語文學發展，首先ài ùi口傳文學開始，當建立文字書寫系統以後，用漢字書寫kah白話字書寫ê台語文學分別是按怎leh發展？尤其ti日治時期，台灣文學ùi古典漢文過渡到現代白話文學，呈現出中文、日文、白話字仝時存在，多語交響，多文書寫ê盛況。戰後，遭受著另外一次「國語政策」ê壓抑，台語文學只有存在ti基督教長老教會內部ê白話字文學，以及台語流行歌、民間戲曲、現代戲劇、唸歌kah歌仔冊等表演藝術形式ê文學事實中，其他差不多全面停止發展。直到1980年代，拜母語復振運動之賜，台語文學才會得重新得著發展ê生機。母語意識覺醒後這一波ê台語文學發展，咱hā^n過書寫文字ê爭論、電腦資訊處理問題ê克服、台語文學主體性kap學術體制內學科領域確立種種ê關卡。文學創作ùi篇幅較細ê台語詩、散文開始，發展到篇幅較大ê長篇小說。台語文學作家社群循母語文運動團體組成。台語文學題材kah風格，tòe時代演變，ùi政治性、鄉土性發展到一般性以及都會性。上重要ê的是台語文學ùi體制外行向體制內，結合語言教學kah研究體制化，hō^.台語文學會得向學科建制化發展。

關鍵字

台語文學 ； 白話字文學 ； 母語復振運動 ； 作家社群

並列摘要

Like all national literatures in the world, Taiwanese (also known as Tâi-gí) literature was naturally initiated using Tâi-gí native speakers'mother tongue, and developed from oral to written form. Tâi-gí literature started with folk literature (oral literature), and, after a period of creation and learning of writing system, achieved the sequential form of written literature. Accordingly, a research on the development of Tâi-gí literature should begin with its oral form probing and estimating the works, then extend to the exploration of Tâi-gí literature written in Chinese (Han) characters and Romanized spelling system (Pėh-ōe-ji), analyzing their respective developments. It’s relatively appropriate to pay attention to the period when Taiwan was under Japanese colonial rule. Taiwanese literature transited then from classical litery Chinese form to the modern written vernacular form. It was a spectacular era when polyphonic linguistic landscapes arose and multilingual writing blossomed. After the World War II, Tâi-gí literature, oppressed by KMT who took measures to promote Chinese Mandarin as National Language, could merely exist in the publication and religious practices in the Presbyterian Church in Taiwan (PCT) or believers’ personal use, as well as in the texts for performing arts, such as Tâi-gí pop songs, folk theaters and operas, modern theaters, narrative ballads and ballad text books, etc. Tâi-gí literature in the other spheres almost vanished completely. Not until the 1980s' and along with the rise of the Language Revitalization Movements did Tâi-gí literature restore its vitality and regain the way to development. In the development of Tâi-gí literature along with the awakening of the cultural awareness of mother tongue, many problems were encountered and had to be solved, such as the argument about writing systems, difficulties in informatization of Tâi-gí literature data and writing systems, establishment of the subjectivity of Taiwanese literature, and academic institutionalization of its subject areas, etc.

並列關鍵字

Taiwanese (Tâi-gí) literature ； POJ literature ； language revitalization ； community of writers

參考文獻

Chiung, Wi-vun Taiffalo(2005).Language, Identity and Decolonization.Tainan:National Cheng Kung University.