Ka-têng, Siā-khu kap Hak-hāu tùi Oat-lâm Tē-sa^n-tāi Kńg-tang-ōe ê Éng-hióng

The influence of family, community, and school on the Cantonese proficiency of the third-generation Cantonese in Vietnam

Boi Thien LU

《台語研究》 12卷1期 (2020/03) Pp. 110-131

https://doi.org/10.6621/JTV.202003_12(1).0005

摘要

Oat-lâm Kńg-tang-lâng siok-î Oat-lâm hôa-chok 5 pang chi 1. Hôa-chok koh siok-î Oat-lâm 53 ê chió-sò bîn-chok chi 1, chiàm chóng jîn-kháu ê 1%. Oat-lâm Hôa-chok ū 5 chióng gí-giân piàn-thé (language variety), ki-tiong Kńg-tang-lâng ê jîn-kháu siōng chē, Kńg-tang-ōe mā-sī Hôa-chok ê kiōng-tông gí-giân (lingua franca). In-ūi Hôa-jîn jîn-kháu ê kiám-chió, Kńg-tang-ōe ê thoân-sêng mā eng-kai tit-tioh tiōng-sī. Bó-gí ê pó-chûn kap thoân-sêng chú-iàu ū sa^n ê hong-hiòng, ka-têng, siā-khu kap hak-hāu. Pún gián-kiú sú-iōng mng-koàn kap hóng-mng, chiam-tùi Oat-lâm tē sa^n tāi Kńg-tang-lâng, liáu-kái in tī ka-têng, siā-khu kap hak-hāu Kńg-tang-ōe ê sú-iōng, kap chit sa^n ê só-chai gí-giân thoân-sêng ê chok-iōng kap éng-hióng. Gián-kiú kiat-kó hián-sī ka-têng tùi tē sa^n tāi Kńg-tang-ōe ê thoân-sêng pān-ián chiok tiōng-iàu ê kak-sek, in-ūi ka-têng ê tióng-pòe lóng iōng sit-chè ê hêng-tōng iau-kiû in kóng Kńg-tang-ōe. Tē sa^n tāi kap siā-khu ê tióng-pòe kóng Kńg-tang-ōe. M-koh, in-ūi chhian-sóa ê koan-hē, siā-khu lāi-té ê Kńg-tang-ōe sú-iōng pí-lē ū kiám-chió ê chêng-hêng. Hak-hāu ê khoân-kéng, m-koán sī Oat-lâm chià^n-kui hak-hāu iah-sī Hôa-gí hak-hāu lóng m-sī Kńg-tang-ōe sú-iōng ê só-chāi. Pún gián-kiú ǹg-bāng thàu-kòe Oat-lâm Kńg-tang-ōe ê keng-giām hō Tâi-oân Tâi-gí chit-kóa khé-sī.

關鍵字

Oat-lâm ； Kńg-tang-ōe ； tē sa^n tāi ； gí-giân sú-iōng ； gí-giân pó-chûn

並列摘要

Even though Cantonese ethnic group currently accounts for the largest proportion among the five ethnic Chinese groups in Vietnam, Cantonese language in Ho Chi Minh City is facing the thread of limited usage in the community. This paper aims to investigate three main ways to preserve Cantonese as the mother tongue for third generation within the context of families, communities, and schools in Ho Chi Minh City. Findings from questionnaire and interviews showed that the family plays the most important role in the language heritance because the second generation still requires the third generation to use Cantonese in the family. Furthermore, the third generation of users also speaks Cantonese with their older neighbors. However, due to immigration flow between Cantonese and Vietnamese, this change results in a decrease in the frequency of Cantonese use in the community especially for the group of senior citizens. In the context of language usage in school, the third generation does not use Cantonese in Vietnamese schools but they still use Cantonese in Chinese schools. Most importantly, the third generation believes that the twelve-year state education system has not impacted their Cantonese language proficiency.

並列關鍵字

Vietnam ； Cantonese ； Third-generation ； language use ； language preservation

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