影響赫氏角鷹空間分布之環境因子

Environmental Factors Affecting Spatial Distribution of the Mountain Hawk Eagle (Spizaetus nipalensis nipalensis)

何錦尚(Chin-Shang Ho) ； 陳朝圳(Chaur-Tzuhn Chen)

《台灣生物多樣性研究》 12卷3期 (2010/07) Pp. 235-249

https://doi.org/10.7064/TJB.201007.0235

摘要

赫氏角鷹(Spizaetus nipalensis nipalensis)爲瀕臨絕種野生動植物國際貿易公約(Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, CITES)所保護之物種。本研究以2004年1月至2006年12月於台東縣所記錄的猛禽調查資料，配合人類開發程度、數值地形模型(digital terrain model, DTM)、植被與土地利用的數位圖層資料，運用地理資訊系統(geographic information system, GIS)探討赫氏角鷹分布與環境因子之關聯性。研究結果顯示，赫氏角鷹的出現頻度與人口密度、道路開發、城鎮區開發、海拔高、坡度、植群及土地利用類型和常態化植生指標(normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI)等因子皆有極顯著關聯性。在人口密度低、距離道路與開發城鎮較遠處，赫氏角鷹有較高出現頻度。赫氏角鷹最高出現頻度在海拔1,001-2,000m、坡度25-45°之間與中、高NDVI之森林覆蓋山區。

關鍵字

赫氏角鷹 ； 地理資訊系統 ； 空間分析 ； 數值地形模型 ； 破碎化

並列摘要

The mountain hawk eagle (Spizaetus nipalensis nipalensis) is an endangered raptor protected by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). We conducted a survey on its occurrence in the Taitung Prefecture of Southeast Taiwan from Jan. 2004 to Dec. 2006. Digital coverage of human activities, digital terrain model (DTM), vegetation pattern, and land-use pattern were used as the environmental factors. The relationships between the occurrence frequency and the environmental factors were analyzed with the geographic information system (GIS). The results showed that the occurrence frequency of the eagle was significantly related to human population, road development, urban development, elevation and slope of land, vegetation coverage pattern, and land use pattern. The frequency was higher in areas with lower human population and farther away from road and urban developments. The highest frequency was found in mountains that were covered with forests and had moderate to high normalized difference vegetation indices (NDVI) at elevations of 1,001 to 2,000m and the slopes of 25° to 45°.

並列關鍵字

mountain hawk eagle ； geographic information system ； spatial analysis ； digital terrain model ； Fragmentation