台灣商業銀行之綜合績效評估

An Integrated Performance Evaluation of Commercial Banks in Taiwan

蕭卓翎(Cho-Ling Hsiao) ； 陳育成 ； 王秀枝

《評價學報》 3期 (2010/08) Pp. 24-40

https://doi.org/10.30073/JV.201008.0003

摘要

本研究欲以台灣的金融業為例，探討台灣之商業銀行在金融控股法案通過後經營績效之表現。首先，站在監督者的立場，衡量台灣商業銀行在法案通過前後整體風險之變化，結果顯示金控法案通過後，資本適足率有下降的趨勢，表示銀行之經營風險有微幅的上升的現象。再以股東的角度，驗證台灣商業銀行之經營效率是否因此而有所提升，實證結果發現有加入金控之商業銀行在法案通過之後其相對之總效率顯著的下降。推測可能原因為法案通過後，金控公司內部的跨業經營行為使得商業銀行因此而經營許多非本業的業務，組織內各領域產生互相補貼的行為，使得銀行從原本追求其股東利益極大化的目標，轉而追求金控公司整體利益的極大化，進而侵蝕了商業銀行本業的獲利。另外，本研究亦站在經理人的觀點，評估其薪酬紅利與商業銀行經營績效的關聯性，從實證結果推論經理人的經營績效與所得薪酬無顯著的關係，此現象可能使經理人失去努力提昇銀行經營績效之動機與誘因。本研究之結果期能提供本國金融監理當局與金融業者之經營決策有用的參考，期能提出有效對策使得高階經理人與股東的利益更趨一致，進而使其有動機去改善銀行經營的效率。

關鍵字

經營績效 ； 資料包絡分析法 ； Malmquist生產力指數分析

並列摘要

This paper focused on the risk and operation performance measurement that was made by Taiwanese commercial banks after the Financial Holding Company (FHC) Act was passed. By inspecting Bank of International Settlement Ratio and Non-performing Loan Ratio, we compared the change of overall risk before and after FHC Act were passed. We further evaluated the operation efficiency of Taiwan's commercial banks to analyze the efficiency change after FHC Act was passed. Empirical results showed that the operating risk of banks slightly increased, and the overall operation efficiency of banks which belongs to FHC decreased significantly in post-FHC Act era. After join FHC, additional non-traditional activities might decrease commercial banks efficiency. This paper also tested the relationship between commercial bank's efficiency and manager's compensation. Empirical results showed there was no significant relationship between managers' operation efficiency and their compensation in Taiwan.We conclude that during the post-FHC era, the consolidation of financial organization might increase their comprehensive risk and had not yet increase their operation efficiency among commercial banks. However, manager still compensated well in spite of bank's poor operating efficiency. The results of this paper provide an essential reference for regulator of financial industry, commercial banks' manager and for capital market investor as well.