檢驗擇偶偏好是否是膚色同種異形的原因之一

The Opposite's Mating Preference Is One of the Factors of Sexual Dimorphism on Skin Color

張榮富(Jung-Fu Chang) ； 吳惠婷(Hui-Ting Wu)

《性學研究》 9卷1期 (2018/07) Pp. 1-18

https://doi.org/10.6206/SIS.201807_9(1).0001

摘要

人類男女膚色差異（女白男黑）是一種「同種異形」的象徵。就演化論而言，天擇因素與性擇因素皆可能解釋膚色白晳的「同種異形」。本文以自製男女膚色由深黑至淺白（五個程度）的圖像為研究工具，以大學生為樣本，檢驗演化論性擇說中的「異性偏好選擇」因素是否為膚色同種異形的可能「原因之一」。研究結果顯示：(1)男性對女性圖像的評分隨著膚色由深黑至淺白而漸增。相反的，女性對男性圖像的評分隨著膚色由淺白至深黑而漸增。(2)由於此膚色偏好的性別差異符合人類膚色女白男黑的同種異形型態。因此證明性擇中的「異性選擇」是膚色同種異形的原因之一。特別要澄清的是，本結果並非否定「天擇」因素、「同性競爭」因素、「文化」因素或「媒體」因素對男女膚色差異的可能影響。

關鍵字

膚色白晳 ； 擇偶偏好 ； 同種異形 ； 外貌吸引力 ； 性擇

並列摘要

Skin color is one of the most conspicuous sexual dimorphism in human being. From evolutionary theory point of view, nature selection and sexual selection both can possibly explain the skin sexual dimorphism (female is lighter than male). This study try to prove ＂intersexual selection＂ of sexual selection theory is one of the reasons. The present study designs a questionnaire including the same figure of five men and five women but different skin color (from lightest to darkest). 220 men and 288 women students are required to evaluate the physical attractiveness of the different skin color figures. The result shows as following. (1) Male sample's evaluating score increase as female's figure getting lighter. In contract, female sample's evaluating score increase as male's figure getting darker. (2) Because men's and women's skin color preference of the opposite sex are the same with skin sexual dimorphism, the result confirms that ＂intersexual selection＂ (mating preference) is one of the reasons of skin sexual dimorphism. However, it is necessary to clarify our findings to obviate some misunderstanding. Our findings only have proven mating preference is one of the effect factors, but do not have proved nature selection, culture effect, and media effect are not important factors effecting on skin color preference of the opposite sex.

並列關鍵字

Skin Lightness ； Mating Preference ； Sexual Dimorphism ； Physical Attractiveness ； Sexual Selection

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