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論法國革命政府舉辦之革命節慶(1790-1794)

A Study on French Revolutionary Festivals (1790-1794)

摘要


本文的研究方法和研究對象係根據Mona Ozouf的研究Festivaland French Revolution而來。藉由分析1790-1794年之間法國政府所舉行二個革命節慶以及路易十六的死刑過程,來討論法國革命政府如何藉由這幾個活動來凝聚法國社會,並藉此製造出屬於法國群眾的集體記憶。在本文的討論中,將以拉法耶特所舉辦的聯邦慶典、羅伯斯比所舉行的最高存在節,以及路易十六的處決做為主要的分析對象。根據Ozouf的研究,節慶的舉辦反映了社會認同的需求,在法國大革命時期所舉辦的革命慶典也是如此。但本文所比較的三個活動,除了反映社會需求之外,而有著官方政策的操作。其中的聯邦慶典和最高存在節的所有參與者及過程都是被官方的執行者所控制,但路易十六的死刑則是群眾自發性的參與。本文希望藉由討論此三者的執行過程以及參與者的集體心態,並加以討論這些活動與集體記憶之關連,而做出結論。

並列摘要


This study was made according to Mona Ozouf's Festival and French Revolution. Through the analysis of the holding of the revolutionary festival by the government, I made clear the creation of the collective memory of the French people. This study focused on the celebration of the Federation Festival, Festival of Supreme Being, and the Execution of Louis XVI. According to Ozouf, the celebration of revolutionary festivals reflected social identity. But in these three cases, they reflected not only the social identity, but also the manipulation of the government over the official policies. I analyzed these cases to understand the whole process of these festivals and the collective mentalities of the people who participated in these festivals. Last, I discussed the relationship between the revolutionary festivals and the creation of collective memory.

被引用紀錄


王伯仁(2007)。現代臺灣奇觀?:節慶、節慶化與節慶地景〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-0204200815530892

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