韓戰時期中美關係之研究（1950－1953年）

Relationship between Sino-America during Korean War (1950-1953)

詹恩勝(An-Shen Chan)

《史學研究》 18期 (2004/07) Pp. 215-254

https://doi.org/10.29438/THR.200407.0007

摘要

二次大戰結束後，冷戰對遠東局勢的發展造成了深刻的影響。在國共內戰期間，美國始終在某種程度上支持國民政府，中共則在外交上全面倒向蘇聯。因此，中共與美國的關係在韓戰前已頗為嚴峻。韓戰的爆發，將冷戰轉變為「熱戰」，中美雙方的不信任迅速擴大，原本已趨於惡化的關係變得無法調和。戰後，雙方更形成了長期的對立。本文的主旨在探討韓戰時期中美關係的演變，首先由韓戰爆發前的遠東情勢來分析中美形成大規模衝突的背景和原因，接著將探討這個時期美國內部在對華政策上的爭論與戰爭的進展過程，最後將論及韓戰對遠東情勢和中美雙方所造成的影響。

關鍵字

韓戰 ； 中美關係 ； 冷戰 ； 遠東 ； 對華政策

並列摘要

After World War II, the Cold War caused profound influence on the Far East. During the Chinese Civil War, Unite States supported the government of KMT all the time, and the USSR sided with the CCP. Consequently, the relation between Chinese Communist Government and Unite States had become sore gradually before 1950. Korean War is a major event in the Cold War because it turned the Cold war into a ”hot” war; it also reinforced the hostile relation between PRC and USA. After the war, both sides remained to confront with each other in many aspects for a long period of time.The main purpose of this article is to explore the relationship between China and America during the Korean War. By tracing the development of the Far East before the Korean War, this article will analyze why Sino-American conflict bursted out, and then how the debates of the policy toward China among American authorities went on, revealing the progress of the negotiations and the battles. At last, this article will discuss the effect of the war upon the Far East and the relation between both sides.

並列關鍵字

Korean War ； Sino-American Relationship ； Cold War ； Far East ； Foreign Policy toward China