早期療育之發展遲緩兒童行爲發展成效評估

The Effectiveness of the Early Intervention for Young Children with Developmental Delay

張介信(Jie-Shin Jhang) ； 黃君代(Jyun-Dia Huang) ； 邵文娟(Wen-Chuan Shao) ； 向時賢(Shieh-Hsien Hsiang)

《中南盟研究年刊》 4卷1期 (2011/09) Pp. 9-22

https://doi.org/10.6850/JCSMA.201109_4(1).0002

摘要

目的：本研究目的指瞭解學齡前發展遲緩兒童之屬性及比較學齡前兒童早期療育照護前、後學齡前兒童八項行指發展差異性，做為研擬實證成效的服務模式及評價療育計劃之依據。方法：以回溯性檔案分析研究方法，參閱其臨床記錄前兒童行為發展量表(CCDI)、臨床病歷記錄進行資料收集及建檔分析。結果：研究樣本屬性之分佈以男生居多，診斷部分以DSM-IV為診斷依據『發展遲緩之相關診斷』居最多數，居住地部分：草屯鎮佔最多數，3歲以下人數僅佔41.3%，平均住院天數為325天，以CCDI之心智發展八項評估，低於正常發展30%（含）以下之項度及其遲緩程度由高至低依序為：『溝通表達』發展居最高，『人際社會』發展次之，『環境理解』發展再次之，在經介入後六個月及一年後其各項發展可完成項目有些微提升，分別為3項及6項雖有呈現逐漸提升的情況，但限於樣本數之限制在統計學上未有顯著差異。結論：發展遲緩兒童的早期篩檢發現及早期療育之黃金時間介入，需努力推廣。未來以『個管模式』針對孩童個別療育需求，強化家長賦能實務參與療育技巧，提供治療、教育、諮詢、轉介、安置與社區轉銜追蹤等服務並進行評價其成效為日後療育計劃之重要方向！

關鍵字

發展遲緩 ； 早期療育

並列摘要

Objectives. This study is to declare the characteristics of development delay children at preschool age, and to compare the difference of development in following domains include social emotion development, personal care, environment understanding, conceptunderstanding, communication expression, fine motor, gross motor and general development after integrative education intervention program. Furthermore, we expected the results would give some implication to evaluate the early intervention program in future time.Methods. By the retrospective analysis method, who had the initial admission record between January, 2002 and December, 2008. They all received the Taiwan version of Chinese Children Development Inventory (CCDI) assessment.Results. The results showed male group was dominant (73%). The age distribution below three-year-old group was 41,3%. Mostly come from Nan-tou and Tsao-tun county. Based on the DSM-IV criteria, most diagnosis is development delay and related diagnosis. The average length of stay was 325 days. The assessment of CCDT revealed the results with eight dimensions; in which was all 70% below the average of the same age group. The communication expression is most significant and followed by social emotion domain. The development in above mentioned domains evaluated had improved after intervention program at the regular interval of 6 months. The result is not significant due to small sample size.Conclusion. We advocate the importance that the early detection and early intervention for the children of developmental delay. We suggest the children to receive intervention program at golden period could attain the best benefit for the children and family. Providing the treatment, education, consultation, referral, disposition, and the linkage with community service as an integrate network, the ease management would meet the index children's needs and represent the future stream of early intervention program.

並列關鍵字

Early intervention ； developmental delay