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沙陀的族屬及其族史

Shatuo's History-From Clan to Tribe

摘要


近幾年來學界發現沙陀與朱邪曾是二個不同的部落,但對於朱邪由一個部落如何成為另一個部落(沙陀)姓氏的過程,迄今尚無完整的論述。本文以出土史料為基礎,透過對史籍的再爬梳,認為唐初之時的沙陀曾經長期統治處月部族,並取代了處月的族號;屬於處月的朱邪部落則在唐朝後期,協助吐蕃攻陷北庭,進而取代沙陀領導處月部族,其後在逃至唐境之時,為了迴避叛唐惡名,仍然自稱沙陀。本研究發現,後唐史官張昭遠在撰寫《紀年錄》時,對朱邪部落背叛唐朝降附於吐蕃的過程,可能有所隱瞞,致使後人不易得知朱邪執宜率領族人逃奔唐境時,仍自稱沙陀的真正原因。

關鍵字

沙陀 張昭遠

並列摘要


In the last few years, according to the unearthed historical data .The scholars substantiated that Emperor Xuanzong in Tanh dynasty had two clans Shatuo and Zhuye (朱邪) by name which belong to the ChuYue (處月) tribe, separately lived in the Bei-Ting (北庭) and xi-zhou (西州) area already. This conclusion was different from the before studies of the scholars, and different from the record at the history books too.Therefore, this research attempts to explain processes and the reason about Shatuo's history. In order to demonstrate a fact that was the Shatuo and the tribe have had the experience obtained the power of the leadership on the ChuYue tribe Successively.The research discovered that Five Dynasties official historian Zhang Zhao-yuan (張昭遠) has had concealed the historical truth from later generation readers when he records the history of Shatuo's ancestry. In order to scholars can not easy to know the truth till now. That was the reason of the Zhuye clan still selfcall Shatuo when they ran from Tibet away to the Tang border.

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