臺北市人工邊坡風險管理機制之研究

Risk Management Mechanism of Man-Made Slopes in Taipei

林裕益(Yu-I Lin)

《工程環境會刊》 29期 (2012/07) Pp. 59-84

https://doi.org/10.6562/JEE.2012.29.4

摘要

臺北市山坡地15,004公頃，佔全市面積55%，根據數位地形圖資研判山坡地範圍內之人工邊坡，計有25,000筆以上，其構造物安全與否，攸關鄰近保全對象的安全，首都臺北市地狹人稠，山坡地人工邊坡的風險管理尤具重要性。本研究爰以臺北市為例，就其山坡地人工邊坡之特性、異常徵兆、徵兆是否有立即危險、須否採行改善措施、維護權責等相關課題進行探究。為有效管理維護山坡地人工邊坡，預防減免坡地災害發生，本研究針對臺北市24處山坡地老舊聚落、135處集合住宅社區、地質災害敏感區影響範圍內住宅周邊之11,316筆人工邊坡，進行現場調查編碼建檔，並期藉由臺北市山坡地「人工邊坡資訊系統（MSIS）」進行人工邊坡特性分析，探討相關徵兆，以供管理維護之參考。本研究並針對上述各筆人工邊坡，藉由建立基本資料、現場調查、初部評估及細部評估等步驟，進行各筆人工邊坡之安全評估與篩選分級，再就評估分級結果，探究適用於國內人工邊坡之分級管理機制。研究過程藉由學者專家「焦點團體座談法」之輔助，研提人工邊坡安全檢查機制，供運用篩選有安全疑慮者，俾及時責由維護義務人進行補強改善，以預防災害，提升坡地管理效能。此外，本研究參考國內外相關法規，探討分析山坡地人工邊坡之維護責任歸屬，以有效掌握及督促維護義務人執行。研究期間也蒐集相關具有安全疑慮人工邊坡之現場會勘紀錄，以「文件分析法」進行案例分析，以探討前面對潛在危險人工邊坡之處理模式及相關法理。

關鍵字

人工邊坡 ； 特性分析 ； 風險管理

並列摘要

The total area of slopelands of Taipei city is 15,004 ha that accounts for 55% of the whole city land area. According the digital terrain data of the slopelands, there are at least 25,000 man-made slopes around the city. The stabilities of these man-made is a big concern to the city residents. For many residents in crowded urban areas of Taipei city, the risk management of man-made slopes is particularly important. This study focuses on some issues of manmade slopes in Taipei city such as the characteristics of slopes, susceptibilities of possible landslides, mechanisms and responsibilities of risk management. For the man-made slopes management and disasters prevention, this study archive the 11,316 artificial slopes originated from the surroundings of the 24 old slope villages, 135 collective communities and the susceptible areas prone to geological disasters. The Manmade Slope Information System (MSIS) is also applied to analyze the characteristics and related symptoms of each man-made slope for the references of developing future management mechanisms and strategies or options. Analytical steps of the man-made slopes are developed and adopted in order to develop suitable measures of man-made slopes classification and management. These include background information collection, field investigation, preliminary assessment and detail assessment. Based on the scientific methods and expert professional opinions, this study also proposes a man-made slope inspection mechanism for properly assigning the responsibilities to improve safety of man-made slopes. Local and overseas slope management regulations are compared to help establish fair and workable system for determining maintenance responsibilities of man-made slopes and slope stability enhancement. By using the documentary analysis in this study, the investigation minutes of safety suspected man-made slopes with suspected safety are collected, reviewed and evaluated carefully for inputs to the feedback analysis of the above-mentioned mechanism and related regulations.

並列關鍵字

man-made slopes ； characteristic analysis ； risk management