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由建築資訊模型提取鋼筋混凝土工程數量之應用實證

VERIFICATION OF QUANTITY TAKE OFF FROM BIM BASED MODELS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE

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摘要


工程預算掌控為建築專案能否成功的關鍵因素,核心基礎是工程數量再配以資材單價而成,傳統作業方式是以人工判圖提取數量,是目前工程估價實務中,最繁雜且最耗費人力的工作。近年來三維設計愈來愈普遍,不同軟體的協作能力也已逐漸提昇,更有物件導向及關聯資料庫搭配,形成所謂建築資訊模型(Building Information Modeling,簡稱為BIM)工具,除了在設計及繪圖的層面上,減少了許多錯誤外,更可自動提取工程數量的資訊。本研究以建設公司實際進行中的一棟鋼筋混凝土大樓建案做為實證標的,依照該建案的二維設計詳圖,應用BIM工具製作建築空間模型及鋼筋混凝土結構模型,經核對檢查消除二維轉三維的問題後,嘗試由所建的三維模型中提取工程數量,並與建設公司的傳統專業估算進行比對,藉以探討BIM工具在工程數量輸出的相關議題。本案的實證經驗顯示,BIM提取的混凝土數量只比傳統專業估算的數量少0.53%,但因計算方式的不同,而有不同構件混凝土數量上的差異,BIM的估算方式精確且較合理。由BIM提取依號數分類的鋼筋數量都低於傳統估算的相對量,尤其是在大號數的鋼筋,也就是柱與梁的主筋部份,差別相當大,主要是因為本研究所建的模型是設計模型,未繪製主筋搭接的部份所致;經搭接修正後的BIM提取鋼筋數量,總量比傳統估算少3.7%,由於BIM工具建置的是三維鋼筋模型,且可以任意視角縮放檢查,出現錯誤的機會降低,且還可以仔細建置施工模型,依各階段進度需求,分別提取各類正確可靠的鋼筋數量,充份應用將可有效掌控工程數量。

並列摘要


Budget control, composed mainly of quantity and unit price, is one of the key successful factors of construction projects. Traditional processes for budgeting relies on estimation of quantities by manual interpretation of 2D design drawings, which turns out to be extremely complicated and time consuming in engineering practice. Recently, with the popularity of 3D design, object oriented programming, and agreement of interoperability among software vendors, building information modeling (BIM) would not only be a visualized communication tool for collaboratively design buildings in order to eliminate much of the waste, error, and inefficiency, but also as a base for speeding up the quantity take-off. The aim of this particular study is to verify the quantities of concrete and steel taken off from the BIM models of a 12-story reinforced concrete building by comparison with traditional estimation of the same project. Although the quantity is not automatically taken off, it has been shown that with BIM models, a visualized estimation could be performed rapidly and precisely.

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