市售食品真菌毒素污染監測與管理成效

Study of the Contamination Status of Mycotoxins in Commercially Available Foods

陳銘在(MING-TZAI CHEN) ； 王慈穗(TZU-SUI WANG) ； 蕭惠文(HUEI-WEN SHIAU) ； 鄭維智(WEI-CHIH CHENG) ； 劉芳銘(FANG-MING LIU)

《食品藥物研究年報》 10期 (2019/12) Pp. 292-300

摘要

為降低民眾經食物而攝入真菌毒素之風險，101年至107年持續辦理市售食品中真菌毒素監測，合計抽驗3,421件，有97件（2.8%）不合格，不符規定產品移出食品鏈，違規業者依法處辦，即時溯源管理，進口者加強邊境管制，對國產異常風險產品實施專案輔導稽查，已有效降低源自進口與國產不合格產品比率，107年監測結果，整體不合格率0.5%（n=570），為101年以來最低，花生製品不合格率降至0.5%，紅麴米與薏仁則已無不合格者；104年至107年市售花生與榖物調查結果，發現有20.4%（n=196）花生粉污染赭麴毒素A超出3 ppb。榖類檢體檢驗多重真菌毒素（包含黃麴毒素、赭麴毒素A、脫氧雪腐鐮刀菌烯醇、玉米赤黴毒素與伏馬毒素），其中薏仁有2.6%（n=154）為總黃麴毒素不符規定，另有11.7%（n=154）薏仁污染玉米赤黴毒素超出歐盟標準（100 ppb），相關真菌毒素限量修訂建議已納入「食品中污染物質及毒素衛生標準」。本研究結果顯示經持續監測與積極管理，已有效降低市售高風險食品中真菌毒素不合格率，調查成果提供管理標準制定參考。

關鍵字

食品 ； 監測 ； 真菌毒素 ； 限量標準

並列摘要

In order to effectively reduce the degree of mycotoxin contamination in circulated foods, surveys were continually conducted from 2012 to 2018. A total of 3,421 samples were tested, and 97 (2.8%) failed. The results were sent to the competent authorities as evidence to forcibly remove the substandard products from the market, to penalize the non-compliant suppliers and to strengthen regulation on import products. Targeted inspection programs were taken for those domestic manufacturers with higher risk. The monitoring results in 2018 showed that 3 samples (0.5%) failed to comply with the requirements. The unqualified rate of peanut products had been dropped to 0.5%, and no unqualified products were found in red yeast rice as well as coix seed. From 2015 to 2018, the collected peanut samples and grain samples were also examined by using the official multi-mycotoxin testing method. The results demonstrated that 20.4% of the peanut powder samples (n=196) contained ochratoxin A at the levels exceeded 3 ppb. Cereal samples were tested for multiple mycotoxins, included aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and fumonisins. Among them, 2.6% coix seed samples (n=154) were inconsistent with the regulatory limit of total aflatoxin, and 18 samples (11.7%) contaminated with the levels of zearalenone exceeded the EU standard (100 ppb). Maximum limit revision proposal was submitted and adopted in ＂Sanitation standard for contaminants and toxins in food＂ scheduled for implementation on January 1, 2019. Twenty-five food samples were detected with levels of mycotoxins exceeded the new maximum limits. The results of this study indicated that the rate of mycotoxin failure in commercial foods had been greatly reduced after continuous monitoring and active management.

並列關鍵字

food ； survey ； mycotoxin ； maximum limit