民有之外，還要民治！：公共服務媒體建置公眾諮詢組織之探討

隨著營運環境的變遷，各國公共服務媒體的公眾參與決策機制亦不斷有所變化，除了進入類似董、監事會的組織，直接參與決策之外，一些國家的公共服務媒體亦建置不同型態的公眾諮詢組織，以期貼近公眾的需求與脈動。本研究發現，英國BBC、愛爾蘭RTE、澳洲ABC與韓國KBS等公共服務媒體所設置的公眾諮詢組織，多為法制化組織，雖然在功能定位與運作方式上不盡相同，但除了KBS的公眾諮詢組織較具菁英取向外，其餘組織的成員都具地區性的代表意涵，在公共服務媒體與閱聽眾之間扮演明顯的橋樑功能。惟公眾諮詢組織的諮詢定位仍使該組織的決策角色模糊不明，有時不免陷入微妙的權力關係；此外，數位時代的公共服務媒體如何透過公眾諮詢組織進一步提升媒體的公共性，仍是有待探討與實踐的課題。

關鍵字

公共服務媒體；公共服務廣電；公眾參與；媒體問責；臺灣公視

並列摘要

With significant shifts in the business operation environment, public service media in many countries are also undergoing some changes in their mechanisms of public participation in decision making. Besides recruiting representatives of citizen groups into executive or supervisory boards to allow them direct involvement in decision making, the public service media in some countries in addition establish advisory bodies in order to closely monitor public demand and perception. The findings of this study show that U.K.’s BBC, Republic of Ireland’s RTE, Australia’s ABC, and Korea’s KBS are among the examples. Those public advisory bodies may be different in their structure, functions and methods of operation, but all are legislated bodies. Except for KBS (whose selected members are more elite oriented), others have their membership designed for regional representation. Those bodies therefore play a significant role as a bridge between the public service media and the people they serve. However, the position of a public advisory body can make its role in the public service media’s decision making ambiguous. Sometimes it cannot help but fall into the subtle power relations between them. Furthermore how public service media in the digital age advances its publicness through the advisory body remains open for exploration and examination.