大專生意象練習及瞄準時間對空氣手槍射擊表現之影響

目的：意象練習及瞄準時間在空氣手槍射擊表現學習上扮演一個重要的因子，本研究目的在探討意象練習及瞄準時間對空氣手槍射擊表現之影響。方法：實驗參與者為6位大專生射擊代表隊為受試者，分為男生組：23.3±2.5歲，女生組:21.7±2.3歲；10發最佳成績男生組：92.1±3.5；女生組:89.6±4.3，於4周期間進行射擊、意象練習及不同瞄準時間的訓練後。採用奧運項目中空氣手槍立姿10公尺射擊，判定10發射擊成績(0.0－10.9)的測試，並以單因子重複量數、t考驗、皮爾遜積差相關及進行雪費法事後比較等分析，顯著水準為α=.05。結果：一、男、女兩組選手皆於有意象練習顯著優於無意象練習(p＜.05)；且在兩組間男選手顯著優於女選手(p＜.05)。二、男、女選手皆於有意象練習瞄準時間15秒以內與16-30秒顯著優31秒以上(p＜.05)。三、男、女兩組有實施意象練習於瞄準時間在15秒以內及16-30秒間達顯著正相關(r＝.34-.42, p＜.05)；其餘各變相間皆未達顯著相關。結論：瞄準時間與意象練習對射擊成績之影響有密切關連性，且在有意象練習及瞄準時間在15秒以內較能保持穩、瞄、壓高度協調配合，有利擊發的最佳時機，也是獲取高分的關鍵要素。

關鍵字

瞄準時間；專注力；意象訓練；射擊訓練

並列摘要

Purposes: Both image training and aim time play an important role in air pistol shooting performance. The purpose of this study was to explore this influence in more detail. Method: The participants in the study were six college students, who formed a shooting team for the experiment. They were divided into a boys group: 23.3±2.5 year's old, and a girls group: 21.7±2.3 years old. The 10 best results for the boys' group resulted in a score of 92.1±3.5, while for the girls' group it was 89.6±4.3. Practice shooting, image practice and the use of different aim times were carried out for four weeks after training. This project adopted the standards used in Olympic air pistol shooting, using a distance of 10 meters from the target, and scoring performance for 10 shots on a 10 point scale (0.0 - 10.9). We employed one way ANOVA, t-tests, Pearson's r, and Schaffer's method to analyze the results, setting the significance level at α =.05. Results: 1. Both male and female groups who received image training performed better than those who did not. In addition, the male group performed significantly better than the female group. (P＜.05). 2. Both male and female teams who received image training at aim times of 15 seconds and 16-30 seconds performed much better than those who were trained with aim times of 31 seconds. (P＜.05). Conclusions: Both image training and aim time had a close connection with shooting performance. Furthermore, if image training was maintained with an aim time of within 15 seconds, it was of great assistance in maintaining stability, aim, and pressure, which is beneficial in determining the best moment to fire, and critical to the achievement of a high score.