一個「黑戶小孩」的國籍身份與生存困境

The Dilemma of a Child without the Right to Nationality in Taiwan

張裕焯(Joe Yu-Cho Chang)

《台灣人權學刊》 2卷2期 (2013/12) Pp. 129-141

摘要

本文論敘筆者於個案輔導的經驗裡遭遇之特殊案例。案主為一位在台非法居留的孩子，他是越南籍外籍配偶因一夜情所生的非婚生子女。由於孩子出生時母親尚未取得我國國籍，並且不知道孩子的生父是誰，在此狀況下，這個孩子若非先入籍越南，在我國的法律上很難取得居留權，這是兩國國籍法對於新生兒國籍的共同見解。然越南政府卻遲不願意辨理孩子的入籍申請。因此，這孩子始終無合法居留權，這亦意味著孩子無法在我國享有健康保險、國民教育等社會福利。在此，筆者企圖還原案件處理經過，並探討其案件中千絲萬縷的行政規定對這對母子所造成的限制，以及案主母子倆在其間所面對的抉擇與困境。文中並引用《消除對婦女一切形式歧視國際公約》（CEDAW）相關規定以為我國制度與國際期待之對照。

關鍵字

越南外配 ； 黑戶媽媽 ； 黑戶小孩 ； 非婚生子女 ； 消除對婦女一切形式歧視國際公約

並列摘要

The article is related to a special case of the author's experience as supervisor. The child has no residence in Taiwan, because he is an illegitimate child, his mother had no nationality of Taiwan when he was born, and they do not know who the father is. It is difficult for the child to have the right to residence in Taiwan before he secures the nationality of Vietnam. It is the common interpretation of nationality law in Taiwan and Vietnam. But the Vietnamese government is still refusing the child's application, and the child throughout his illegal stay can't enjoy of the social welfare benefits including health care and education. The author attempts to recreate the event, and discuss the regulations which impact the lives of the mother and the child. Then the readers will understand their choice and predicaments. In the text, CEDAW will be contrasted with the Taiwanese regulations.

並列關鍵字

Vietnamese ； female foreign spouses ； nationality ； illegitimate child ； CEDAW