禁止身心障礙歧視的國家義務－臺灣高等法院高雄分院103年度上易字第574號刑事判決評析

Positive Obligations to end all Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities -Comment on Penal Judgment No. 574 (2014) of the Kaohsiung Branch of the Taiwan High Court

蕭逸民(I-Min Hsiao)

《台灣人權學刊》 5卷1期 (2019/06) Pp. 59-81

摘要

本文以《身心障礙者權利公約》規範的國家義務為基礎，論述國家有禁止基於身心障礙歧視的積極義務，尤應特別關注隱藏在機構及組織行為中的結構性、系統性歧視。再透過前手球國手陳敬鎧「裝盲詐保案」為例，分析臺灣高等法院高雄分院103年度上易字第574號刑事判決，以及後續監察院質疑法官心證正確性的爭議。本文論證對眼球性視障者的刻板印象，如何形成對CVI視障者的歧視，進而影響法官的心證，妨礙司法審判的公正性。最後，本文將提出具體建議，呼籲法官與檢察官檢討反省本案誤判的教訓，落實《身心障礙者權利公約》的國家義務。

關鍵字

視障 ； 歧視 ； 刻板印象 ； 保險詐欺 ； 身心障礙者權利公約

並列摘要

The purpose of the CRPD is to end all discrimination against persons with disabilities, which means that States Parties have positive obligations to overcome structural, or systemic, discrimination. In Penal Judgment No. 574 (2014), the Kaohsiung Branch of the Taiwan High Court found the ex-national handball athlete, Jing-Kai Chen , guilty of faking blindness to claim an insurance payout. After the Judgment was published, investigation by the Control Yuan questioned its correctness and upheld Chen's innocence. However, this high-profile case aroused a conflict between judicial independence and judicial accountability. Analyzing the reasoning of the Judgement, this article concludes that harmful stereotypes contribute to structural, or systemic, discrimination against persons with Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI), and recommends judges and prosecutors to review the lessons of misjudgment in this case which violated positive obligations under the CRPD.

並列關鍵字

Visual Impairment ； Discrimination ； Stereotype ； Insurance Fraud ； Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)