從國小師資培育法規的變遷論教師地位與國家控制之關連性

The Analysis of Nation Manipulation and the Teacher Status from Legislation Perspective

郭柏秀(Po-Hsiu Kuo)

《教師專業研究期刊》 4期 (2012/12) Pp. 1-24

https://doi.org/10.7054/JPT.201212.0001

摘要

本研究旨在探討臺灣國小教師地位的轉變情形，釐清臺灣戰後教師地位轉變的背景與原因，並分析政府究竟是以什麼樣的態度與目的培育國小教師。本研究是透過有系統的蒐集社會、政治轉變的相關資料，以及探究臺灣歷史中《師範學校法》、《師範教育法》、《師範學校規程》與《師資培育法》等重要的師資培育法規，並分析臺灣官方對國小教師的期待，以及國家賦予國小教師的工具性角色及影響。最後獲得三點結論：一、從師資培育的法制變革來看，可以覺查到政治影子衰退、政府權力由顯著轉到幕後控制。二、威權時期，政府雖在師範教育注入意識型態，欲培養未來教師富有民族精神與愛國情操，但其落實師範教育中的生活教育，也形塑出富有教育愛的教師圖像。三、政府透過公費制度與穩定的薪資待遇，型塑教師的社會聲望與地位。

關鍵字

國家控制 ； 社會變遷 ； 歷史分析法 ； 教師地位 ； 師資培育

並列摘要

The study aims to see into the change of the status of Taiwan elementary school teachers, clarify the background and the reasons of the change of teacher status after WWII before the Teacher Cultivation was established, and analyze the attitude and the purposes toward the government of how they have cultivated people into qualified primary teachers.The study is to analyze the expectations of people in authority in Taiwan toward elementary school teachers, and the functional roles and the influence of formal elementary school teachers by systematically collecting the historical data and the first hand references related to the changes of Taiwan society and the swift of government.It comes to three conclusions:1.According to the evolvement of the Teacher Cultivation, we can find the shrinking of the government involvement and that the government manipulation converted to the back of the scenes.2.During the authoriative times in Taiwan, while inserting certain ideologies in normal education in order to make teachers have the spirit of ethinism and the commitment to nation, the government realized life education and shaped the teacher image of being rich in love in education.3.Formal teachers stay their social status and the prestige when the government offer the system of nation expense and the steady salaries.

並列關鍵字

government control ； social change ； teacher's role ； teacher's status ； teacher education