跨國婚姻女性國家認同之研究

The National Identity of the Women in Cross-Border Marriage

王雅芳(Ya-Fang Wang)

《康大學報》 11期 (2021/06) Pp. 21-34

摘要

本研究之目的乃在探析跨國婚姻女性結婚來臺的動機、其國家認同狀況為何以及探討影響跨國婚姻女性國家認同的因素為何。研究者首先依文獻歸納出國家認同之三個層面：族群認同、文化認同與制度認同，作為訪談大綱編製之參考；繼之，採取質性研究的途徑，並選取三位不同國籍的跨國婚姻女性為訪談對象，在三次個別訪談中蒐集廣泛的資料，獲致以下的結論：跨國婚姻女性結婚來臺的動機與母國環境有關，通常為經濟因素，而且結婚來臺的動機深受介紹人的影響，讓其對臺灣充滿憧憬。其次，跨國婚姻女性對臺灣的國家認同度高；其在族群認同方面，非常在意別人的眼光和刻板印象並且對族群的認同呈現雙認同狀態。至於，文化認同方面，跨國婚姻女性努力學習臺灣的語言，學習方式則因環境而異；困擾的是，對臺灣的祭拜文化並不熟悉。再者，跨國婚姻女性在制度認同方面均贊同健保制度，並且認同健保制度為其醫療帶來便利。最後，研究發現影響跨國婚姻女性國家認同的主要因素為其生育子女，有無身分證對他們認同臺灣的程度都沒有影響。

關鍵字

國家認同 ； 跨國婚姻 ； 認同

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explore the motivation of women in cross-border marriage to come to Taiwan, the status of their national identity and the factors that affect the national identity of women in cross-border marriage. First of all, the researchers summarized three levels of national identity according to the literature: ethnic identity, cultural identity and institutional identity, as the reference for the outline of the interview, followed up by taking the qualitative research approach, and selecting three cross-border marriage women of different nationalities as interviewees. In three individual interviews, the researchers collected a wide range of information and coming to the following conclusions: cross-border marriage women's motivation to marry to Taiwan was related to the home environment especially economic factors, and the motivation to marry to Taiwan was deeply influenced by the introducer. Second, women in cross-border marriage had a high degree of national identity in Taiwan, and they were very concerned about other people's thoughts and stereotypes in terms of ethnic identity. Furthermore, they had a dual- ethnic identity. For cultural identity, women in cross-border marriages studied hard in Taiwan's language, and the way they learned varied according to the environment. What is troubling is that they were unfamiliar with Taiwan's religious worship culture. Moreover, women in cross-border marriages agreed with the healthcare system in terms of institutional recognition and agreed that the healthcare system facilitated their medical care. Finally, the study found that the main factors affecting the national identity of women in cross-border marriages were their children, and their identity card had no effect on their recognition of Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Cross-border marriages ； Identity ； National identity