以衛星遙測與模糊綜合評判法評估線狀工程的土石流危險性

本文以蘭成渝成品油管道禮縣─廣元段為例，基於多源遙感數據資料，製作研究區衛星影像圖。結合已有的地質、生態環境資料和適當的野外工作，建立研究區土石流災害的遙感判釋標誌。此外，在遙感影像圖的基礎上，結合數值高程模型（Digital Elevation Model, DEM），採用紋理映射技術，建立了三維遙感影像模型。利用衛星影像圖和三維遙感影像模型，對該管線沿線土石流災害進行了識別，並萃取了各土石流災害體的特徵資訊；利用這些特徵資訊作為評價指標，採用模糊綜合評判法對土石流危險性進行了評價。最後，根據野外實地調查結果，分析了研究區土石流遙感判釋和綜合評價結果的準確性。實現了對線狀工程土石流災害的快速識別與預警評價，能夠為工程防災提供科學依據。

關鍵字

輸油管道；遙感探測； 3D模型；土石流災害；模糊綜合評判

並列摘要

Taking the Lixian-Guangyuan segment of Lanzhou-Chengdu-Chongqing product oil pipeline as an example, the satellite images in the study area were produced based on multi-source remote sensing information. The authors then established the remote sensing interpretation signs for debris flows according to the data of geological and ecological environment. After that, the 3D remote sensing image models of debris flows were constructed by texture mapping technique and DEM (Digital Elevation Model). Based on the satellite images and the 3D models, debris flows along the pipelines were identified, and their features were extracted for risk assessment, which were designed into the different evaluation indexes. The authors thus introduced fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model to assess the debris flows based on these evaluation indexes. According to field investigation, the identified and evaluated results were checked to be well. It is obvious that this assessment method can quickly identify debris flows along linear construction civil engineering and evaluate their risk, which would provides scientific basis for engineering disaster prevention.